Discover the incredible body transformations and swimming techniques of Mesozoic marine reptiles, as revealed by a groundbreaking study from the University of Bristol. Using state-of-the-art methods and measurements from 125 fossilised skeletons, the researchers explore changes in locomotion within lineages and through time, shedding light on the evolution of swimming and body size. Find out how sea lions' flippers differ from their ancestors' walking legs and how certain lineages evolved with a 'head-first' pattern. This research was funded by Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and European Research Council (ERC).

Are you fascinated by the natural world and its inhabitants? Do you dream of studying wild animals in their natural habitats or working to conserve endangered species? If so, then a degree in Zoology might be the perfect fit for you! Zoology is the scientific study of animal life, from the tiniest insects to the largest mammals. It is a field that encompasses a wide range of topics, including animal behavior, ecology, genetics, physiology, and evolution. With a degree in Zoology, you will have the opportunity to explore the fascinating world of animals and gain a deeper understanding of their behavior, biology, and conservation. One of the most exciting aspects of studying Zoology is the opportunity to conduct research and make groundbreaking discoveries. Zoologists are at the forefront of innovative research, studying everything from the migration patterns of birds to the social behavior of primates. Some of the most inspiring academic figures in the field of Zoology include Jane Goodall, who revolutionized our understanding of chimpanzee behavior, and Steven Pinker, who has written extensively on the evolution of language. At the undergraduate level, typical majors and modules in Zoology include animal behavior, ecology, genetics, and physiology. As you progress in your studies, you may have the opportunity to specialize in areas such as marine biology, conservation biology, or wildlife management. Some exciting examples of potential specializations include studying the behavior of dolphins in the wild, working to conserve endangered sea turtles, or conducting research on the genetics of rare and exotic species. With a degree in Zoology, you will be well-equipped for a range of potential future jobs and roles. Some popular careers for Zoology graduates include wildlife biologist, zookeeper, or animal behaviorist. Key industries for prospective future employment include conservation organizations, zoos and aquariums, and government agencies. Some specific notable and attractive potential employers include the World Wildlife Fund, the Smithsonian National Zoo, and the National Park Service. To succeed in the field of Zoology, it is helpful to have a strong interest in biology, ecology, and animal behavior. You should also have excellent analytical skills, as well as the ability to work independently and as part of a team. A passion for the natural world and a desire to make a positive impact on the environment are also essential attributes for success in this field. In conclusion, studying Zoology is an exciting and rewarding experience that offers endless opportunities to explore the natural world and make a difference in the lives of animals. Whether you dream of working in the field or pursuing a career in research, a degree in Zoology will provide you with the knowledge and skills you need to succeed in this fascinating and important field.

Are you a fan of J.R.R. Tolkien's Lord of the Rings trilogy? If so, you'll love this article from Smithsonian Magazine about a new genus of butterflies inspired by the series. Researchers have discovered nine new groups of butterflies, including one with fiery orange and jet black eyespots that reminded them of the all-seeing Eye of Sauron. The team documented two new species in this genus, named Saurona triangula and Saurona aurigera, which live in the lowland rainforests of the southwestern Amazon. Read on to learn more about these beautiful insects and their important role in conservation efforts.

Do you have a passion for the great outdoors, a love of animals, and a desire to make a positive impact on the world? If so, studying Wildlife Conservation at university may be the perfect fit for you! Wildlife Conservation is a field of study that focuses on the protection and preservation of endangered species and their habitats. It is a fascinating and rewarding field that combines biology, ecology, and environmental science, and offers a wide range of exciting career opportunities. One of the most appealing aspects of Wildlife Conservation is the opportunity to work with some of the world's most incredible animals. From majestic elephants in Africa to playful dolphins in the Caribbean, there is no shortage of fascinating creatures to study and protect. And the work you do can have a direct impact on their survival and well-being. In recent years, there have been many exciting developments in the field of Wildlife Conservation. Researchers are using cutting-edge technology to track animal populations and monitor their behavior, while conservationists are working to create new protected areas and restore damaged ecosystems. Some of the most inspiring academic figures in this field include Jane Goodall, who revolutionized our understanding of chimpanzee behavior, and E.O. Wilson, who has been a leading voice in the fight to protect biodiversity. At the undergraduate level, students studying Wildlife Conservation can expect to take courses in ecology, animal behavior, and conservation biology. They will also have the opportunity to gain hands-on experience through fieldwork and internships. And for those who want to specialize further, there are many exciting areas of focus to choose from, such as marine conservation or wildlife rehabilitation. So what kind of careers can you pursue with a degree in Wildlife Conservation? There are many options, from working as a park ranger or wildlife biologist to becoming a conservation advocate or environmental educator. Some of the most notable employers in this field include the World Wildlife Fund, the Nature Conservancy, and the National Park Service. To succeed in Wildlife Conservation, it is helpful to have a strong background in biology and ecology, as well as a passion for the natural world. You should also be comfortable working outdoors and have strong communication and problem-solving skills. In short, studying Wildlife Conservation is an exciting and rewarding way to make a difference in the world. If you're passionate about animals and the environment, this may be the perfect field for you!

Have you ever wondered what color dinosaurs were? While fossilized skeletons reveal the size and shape of dinosaurs, figuring out the features of soft tissue, including skin color, has been a challenge. However, recent discoveries of structures called Melanosomes in dinosaur fossils have allowed researchers to determine the colors of some dinosaurs. Some may have been drab in color, while others may have been brightly colored like birds, their descendants. Learning about the colors of dinosaurs not only satisfies our curiosity but also helps us understand their behavior. Rainbow hues may have helped dinosaurs attract mates or repel rivals, just like their winged descendants. Studying ancient pigments can also lead to better techniques of identifying them and help us understand more about the evolution of life on earth.

Are you fascinated by animals and their behaviors? Do you enjoy learning about the diversity of species and their habitats? If so, a career in zoology may be the perfect fit for you! As a zoologist, you will be able to study animals in their natural environments, as well as in controlled laboratory settings. You will be responsible for observing, researching, and analyzing animal behavior, physiology, and genetics. Zoology is a broad field, and you can specialize in areas such as marine biology, wildlife conservation, animal behavior, and more. In this exciting field, you will have the opportunity to work with a wide range of animals, from tiny insects to majestic elephants. You could study the migratory patterns of birds, the social behavior of primates, or the physiology of marine mammals. To become a zoologist, you will typically need a bachelor's degree in zoology, biology, or a related field. Some popular undergraduate programs and majors include animal science, wildlife management, and ecology. Additionally, many zoologists pursue advanced degrees, such as a master's or Ph.D., to further specialize in their area of interest. Helpful personal attributes for a career in zoology include a strong attention to detail, critical thinking skills, and a passion for animals and their welfare. You should also be comfortable working in the field, which may involve travel to remote locations and exposure to harsh weather conditions. Job prospects for zoologists are generally positive, with opportunities in both public and private sectors. Some notable employers include the National Park Service, the Smithsonian Institution, and the World Wildlife Fund. Additionally, zoologists can work for zoos, aquariums, and research institutions around the world. In summary, a career in zoology offers an exciting opportunity to explore the fascinating world of animals and their behaviors. With a strong educational background and a passion for animals, you could make a significant contribution to the field and help protect and conserve our planet's precious wildlife.

Are you curious about the earliest animals that roamed the ancient oceans over half a billion years ago? Scientists have long debated whether it was sponges or comb jellies that were the first lineage of animals. In a new study published in the journal Nature, researchers from UC Berkeley have used a novel approach based on chromosome structure to come up with a definitive answer. Discover the surprising results and learn about the common ancestor of all animals that probably lived 600 or 700 million years ago. Read the full article to find out more!

Are you fascinated by flying mammals like bats and sugar gliders? Did you know that they haven't had a common ancestor in 160 million years, but still use some of the same genetic ingredients to form their wing flaps? A recent study by biologists at Princeton University, published in Science Advances, explores how these tiny creatures developed their wings through convergent evolution. The researchers discovered a network of genes driving the formation of wing flaps in sugar gliders and bats, shedding light on the origins of diversity in the animal kingdom.

Have you ever wondered why some animals act altruistically, even if it seems to hurt their own success? The answer lies in the role that genes play in evolution. Genes are chunks of DNA that encode for proteins, which are the basic building blocks of life. Traits, such as eye color or behavior, are manifested through proteins acting in concert. If a trait helps an organism survive and produce offspring, the gene for that trait gets passed on. However, genes aren't inherently selfish, they're just molecules of DNA with no agenda of their own. Armed with this knowledge, you can conclude that genes making an organism more greedy and aggressive would have an advantage, but it's also overly simplistic. Altruistic behaviors, such as reciprocal altruism and kin selection, have evolved to help genes survive. Learning about these concepts can help you understand the complex interplay between genes, behavior, and evolution.

A postdoctoral researcher at Harvard University discovered how a mind-controlling fungal parasite turns fruit flies into zombies. The parasite infects flies, feeds on their bodies, and manipulates them into performing specific behaviors before they die. The researcher's findings shed light on how microbes can affect behavior, a topic of popular interest with the rise in literature on the human gut biome. Her work also provides insight into how the nervous system can be hijacked and manipulated.

Discover how early mammals' miniaturization and skull simplification allowed them to thrive on insects and eventually increase brain size, all while dinosaurs roamed the Earth. Learn from the research of Dr. Stephan Lautenschlager and Professor Emily Rayfield of the Universities of Birmingham and Bristol.

Did you know some predatory dinosaurs used their claws for digging or display? A new study by the University of Bristol and IVPP in Beijing reveals the weird functions of alvarezsaurs and therizinosaurs' claws, from rock-picking to metre-long sickle-like displays. Led by PhD student Zichuan Qin, the study employed advanced biomechanics to identify functions based on detailed comparisons with living animals. Discover the bizarre forms and functions of these strange dinosaur cousins that evolved in opposite paths.

Do you have a love for animals? Are you interested in learning more about them, their behavior, and how they interact with the world around them? Then the study of Animal Sciences might be the perfect fit for you! Animal Sciences is a fascinating field that incorporates biology, genetics, nutrition, and behavior to better understand the world's diverse animal populations. From domesticated pets to exotic wildlife, Animal Sciences covers it all. One exciting aspect of Animal Sciences is the research being conducted in the field. Scientists are constantly discovering new ways to improve animal health and well-being, as well as developing innovative technologies to better understand animal behavior and communication. Some notable figures in the field include Temple Grandin, who has revolutionized the way we think about animal welfare, and Jane Goodall, who has dedicated her life to studying primates in the wild. At the undergraduate level, students can expect to take courses in animal anatomy and physiology, nutrition, genetics, and behavior. There are also opportunities for specialization in areas such as animal genetics, animal behavior, and animal nutrition. Real-life examples of exciting specializations include working with endangered species, studying animal communication, and developing new technologies to improve animal health. The skills and knowledge gained from studying Animal Sciences can lead to a wide range of careers. Graduates can find employment in research laboratories, animal welfare organizations, conservation groups, and zoos. Some notable employers in this field include the World Wildlife Fund, the National Institutes of Health, and the Smithsonian National Zoo. To succeed in Animal Sciences, it is important to have a love for animals, as well as a strong foundation in biology and chemistry. Good communication skills and attention to detail are also important attributes for success in this field. So, if you have a passion for animals and want to make a difference in their lives, consider studying Animal Sciences. Who knows, you could be the next Jane Goodall or Temple Grandin, making groundbreaking discoveries and improving the lives of animals around the world.

Darwinism is one of the most important academic concepts you can learn. Charles Darwin's theory of evolution explains how species change over time, and how new species emerge. Learning about Darwinism can help you understand how humans fit into the animal kingdom and how we evolved. This theory was a bombshell when Darwin published his book, On The Origin Of Species, in 1859, and it still has a huge impact today. By studying Darwinism, you can gain a better understanding of the biology of heredity and how it affects our traits. You can also learn about natural selection and how it shapes the world around us. By exploring this topic, you can become a more informed and curious student, and gain a deeper appreciation for the wonders of the natural world.

Are you passionate about animals and the environment? Do you want to make a difference in the world while doing something you love? If so, a career in Wildlife Conservation might be just what you're looking for! Wildlife Conservation is a field that focuses on protecting and preserving the natural habitats and ecosystems of animals around the world. This can involve anything from monitoring animal populations and studying their behavior to working with communities to promote sustainable living practices. One of the most appealing aspects of this career is the opportunity to work with a wide variety of animals, from majestic elephants and lions to tiny insects and birds. Imagine spending your days in the great outdoors, observing and interacting with some of the most fascinating creatures on the planet! As a Wildlife Conservationist, your duties might include conducting research and surveys to gather data on animal populations, designing and implementing conservation programs and strategies, and collaborating with other professionals in related fields such as ecology, environmental science, and zoology. There are also a number of specializations within the field of Wildlife Conservation, including wildlife rehabilitation, wildlife law enforcement, and wildlife education and outreach. No matter what your interests or skills, there is sure to be a niche within this field that is perfect for you. To pursue a career in Wildlife Conservation, you will typically need a bachelor's degree in a related field such as biology, ecology, or environmental science. Popular majors for aspiring conservationists include Wildlife Biology, Conservation Biology, and Environmental Studies. In addition to a strong academic background, there are a number of personal attributes that can be helpful in this field. These include a love of nature and the outdoors, strong communication and interpersonal skills, and a passion for making a positive impact on the world. Job prospects in Wildlife Conservation are strong, with a projected growth rate of 4% over the next decade. There are a number of potential employers in both the public and private sectors, including government agencies such as the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and non-profit organizations such as the World Wildlife Fund and the Jane Goodall Institute. So if you're ready to embark on an exciting and rewarding career that allows you to make a difference in the world, consider a career in Wildlife Conservation. With so many opportunities to explore and so many animals to protect, the possibilities are truly endless!

A team of undergraduate students from Colgate University developed SealNet, a seal facial recognition system that uses deep learning and a convolutional neural network to identify harbor seals. SealNet could be a useful, noninvasive tool for researchers to shed more light on seal behavior, including site fidelity and movements. The software shows promise and could be paired with another photo identification method to identify seals by distinctive markings on their pelage. In the future, an app based on SealNet could allow citizen scientists to contribute to logging seal faces.

As global trade and travel continue to increase, border customs play a crucial role in protecting countries from the introduction of harmful food, plants, and animals. But why are some countries so strict on prohibition or quarantining of these items? One reason is to prevent the spread of invasive species. The species that are not native to a particular ecosystem and can cause harm to the native flora and fauna. For example, the introduction of the zebra mussel in the Great Lakes region of North America caused significant harm to the native species and infrastructure. Another reason is to prevent the spread of diseases. In recent years, the spread of diseases like avian influenza and swine flu have been linked to the movement of animals and animal products across borders. Leading academics in the field of border customs and quarantine regulations include Dr. John Goolsby and Dr. Maria Rodriguez. Dr. Goolsby has written extensively on the importance of border security in preventing the spread of disease and pests, while Dr. Rodriguez has focused on the economic impact of quarantine regulations on global trade. Specific academic terms and concepts relevant to border customs include biosecurity, invasive species, and phytosanitary regulations. Biosecurity refers to measures taken to prevent the introduction and spread of harmful diseases, pests, and invasive species. Invasive species are non-native plants and animals that can cause harm to native species and disrupt ecosystems. Phytosanitary regulations refer to the measures taken to prevent the spread of plant diseases and pests. Border customs play a vital role in ensuring that our ecosystems remain healthy and protected. They prevent the spread of harmful diseases and pests, protect native species, and maintain the balance of our ecosystems.

Insects and other invertebrates have complex immune systems that protect them from parasites and pathogens, and they can even pass on immunity to their offspring. A meta-analysis of 37 studies confirms that trans-generational immune priming is widespread among invertebrate species. Fathers also play an important role in providing immune protection to their offspring, and the immune response is stronger when offspring receive the same pathogen as their parents. This phenomenon is remarkably long-lived and can persist until the offspring are adults themselves. Explore the sophistication of invertebrates' immune system and their immunity secrets.

The past is a vast and mysterious land that holds the key to understanding our present. Learning about creatures of the past requires fossils, remains preserved from past geological ages. The totality of all fossils on earth is called the fossil record, and it is the most important window on the past we'll ever have. For a dead animal to fossilize, a number of things must go just right. It's kind of a miracle that we have what we have and know what we know. We've entered a golden era of discovery, and about 50 new dinosaur species are discovered each year, expanding what we know and what we know that we don't know about them, which is amazing. Although many species are lost forever, fossils of mostly soft and gooey species also left us an incredible diversity of shells that tell us an amazing amount about our past. Learning about the past is not only intellectually stimulating, but it also helps us understand the world around us today.

For over a century, dolphins and fishers in Laguna, Brazil have cooperated to catch fish. A new study reveals the mechanics of their partnership, showing how they synchronize their behavior to catch more fish. But this unique fishing practice is facing extinction due to declining fish populations and waning interest from future generations. The study highlights the rarity of interspecies cooperation and the benefits it brings to both humans and wildlife.