When we think of governance, we often imagine a group of officials making decisions on behalf of a larger population. But there's another approach to governance that's gaining attention: multi-stakeholder governance. What is multi-stakeholder governance, and how does it differ from traditional forms of governance? At its core, multi-stakeholder governance is about collaboration between different groups of stakeholders to make decisions that affect them all. Instead of a top-down approach, where decisions are made by a single group, multi-stakeholder governance involves a variety of stakeholders, including government officials, non-governmental organizations, businesses, and community members. One of the key benefits of multi-stakeholder governance is that it can lead to more effective and equitable decision-making. By bringing together diverse perspectives and experiences, multi-stakeholder governance can help ensure that everyone's voice is heard and that decisions reflect the needs and concerns of all stakeholders. This approach can be particularly effective in addressing complex issues that require a broad range of expertise and input. But multi-stakeholder governance isn't without its challenges. Collaboration can be difficult, and finding common ground among different stakeholders can be a time-consuming and complex process. In addition, power imbalances can arise, with some stakeholders having more influence or resources than others. Despite these challenges, multi-stakeholder governance has gained traction in a variety of sectors, from environmental management to public health. For example, the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) is a multi-stakeholder governance initiative that promotes responsible forest management by bringing together environmental, social, and economic stakeholders. The Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) is another multi-stakeholder initiative that works to increase access to immunization in low-income countries. Leading academics in the field of multi-stakeholder governance include Elinor Ostrom, who won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2009 for her work on the governance of common-pool resources, and Mark Anner, who has researched multi-stakeholder governance in global supply chains. In conclusion, multi-stakeholder governance is a unique approach to decision-making that emphasizes collaboration and inclusivity. While it presents some challenges, it has the potential to be a powerful tool for addressing complex issues and ensuring that all voices are heard. By exploring examples such as the FSC and GAVI, and learning from leading academics such as Ostrom and Anner, students can gain a deeper understanding of this important concept and its potential to make a positive impact in the world.

If you have a passion for making a positive impact on society and shaping the world we live in, then a career in public policy might be the perfect fit for you. Public policy professionals work in a wide range of fields, from government and non-profit organizations to international organizations and think tanks. Their work involves analyzing social and economic issues, developing policies, and implementing solutions that address complex problems facing society. One of the most appealing aspects of a career in public policy is the opportunity to make a tangible difference in people's lives. Public policy professionals can work on issues such as climate change, poverty, education, and healthcare, among others. For instance, they can advocate for environmental protection policies that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate the impact of climate change, or they can develop programs that increase access to healthcare services for underserved communities. As a public policy professional, your typical duties might include conducting research, analyzing data, and working with stakeholders to develop policies that address a specific issue or problem. You may also be responsible for evaluating the effectiveness of existing policies and proposing improvements. Depending on your interests and strengths, you can specialize in a particular area of public policy, such as healthcare, education, environmental policy, or international relations. To pursue a career in public policy, you typically need a bachelor's degree in a relevant field, such as political science, economics, or public administration. Some popular undergraduate programs and majors in this field include Bachelor of Arts in Political Science, Bachelor of Science in Public Policy, Bachelor of Arts in Economics and Bachelor of Science in Public Administration. In addition to academic credentials, public policy professionals need certain personal attributes to be successful. These include strong analytical and critical thinking skills, excellent communication and interpersonal skills, and a commitment to public service and social justice. The job prospects for public policy professionals are excellent, with a wide range of employers across the public and private sectors. Some notable employers in this field include the United Nations, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the U.S. Department of State..

Are you interested in making a difference in your community or even the world? If so, Public Administration might just be the field of study for you! Public Administration is a fascinating and rewarding field that involves managing and leading public organizations and programs that serve the public interest. Public Administration is a diverse field that covers a wide range of topics, from budgeting and finance to policy analysis and implementation. It is a field that combines theory and practice, and it is often grounded in real-life examples of successful public programs and initiatives. For example, did you know that the New York City Department of Transportation created a program called "Citi Bike" that has revolutionized the way people get around the city? This program was designed and implemented by public administrators who had a vision for a more sustainable and accessible transportation system. If you're interested in research and innovation, Public Administration has plenty to offer. There are many well-known academic figures in this field who have made significant contributions to our understanding of public policy and administration. For example, James Q. Wilson was a renowned political scientist who wrote extensively on the role of bureaucracy in modern society, while Mary Parker Follett was a pioneering management theorist who emphasized the importance of collaboration and cooperation in organizational settings. At the undergraduate level, Public Administration majors typically take courses in areas such as public policy, budgeting and finance, and organizational behavior. There are also many opportunities for further specialization, such as in areas like environmental policy or healthcare administration. For example, if you're interested in healthcare, you might study how public hospitals are managed and how healthcare policies are developed and implemented. So what kind of jobs can you get with a degree in Public Administration? The possibilities are endless! You could work for a government agency, a non-profit organization, or even a private company that works closely with the public sector. Some popular career paths include city manager, policy analyst, or public relations specialist. And if you're interested in working for a specific organization, there are plenty of attractive potential employers to choose from, such as the United Nations, the World Health Organization, or the Environmental Protection Agency. To succeed in Public Administration, it's important to have a strong work ethic, excellent communication skills, and a passion for serving the public interest. If you're interested in making a difference in your community and beyond, then Public Administration might just be the perfect field of study for you!

Do you have an interest in understanding the complex world of politics and government? Are you passionate about making a positive difference in the world and seeking to create change? If so, then a career in Political Science might be the perfect fit for you! Political Science is a field that explores the political behavior of individuals and groups, as well as the structures and processes that shape political systems around the world. Political scientists examine a range of topics such as political ideologies, international relations, public policy, and the impact of political institutions on society. As a political scientist, you can work in a variety of fields such as government, law, business, media, non-profit organizations, and academia. Some of the most appealing aspects of the field include the opportunity to work on exciting and meaningful projects, conduct research on pressing issues, and be involved in shaping public policies that can impact millions of people. For instance, political scientists play a critical role in creating and shaping foreign policy initiatives in the United States, such as the recent efforts to normalize relations with Cuba. They also help to develop social policies that address critical issues like poverty and inequality, as well as to analyze and understand the impact of electoral and legal systems on democracy and human rights. Typical duties of a political scientist include conducting research, analyzing data, writing reports and papers, and presenting findings to policymakers or the public. Some political scientists specialize in areas such as political theory, international relations, comparative politics, or public policy. They may also work in related fields such as law, public administration, or journalism. To become a political scientist, you typically need a bachelor's degree in Political Science, International Relations, or a related field. Popular and relevant undergraduate programs and majors include Public Policy, Law, Philosophy, and Economics. A graduate degree in Political Science, Law, or Public Administration can also be helpful in advancing your career. Helpful personal attributes for success in Political Science include excellent analytical and critical thinking skills, the ability to work independently and as part of a team, strong communication and writing skills, and a deep passion for social and political issues. Job prospects in Political Science are strong, with opportunities in a range of fields including government, think tanks, research organizations, and universities. Some notable potential employers include the United Nations, the World Bank, the U.S. Department of State, and non-profit organizations such as Amnesty International.

Politics is more than just the art of the possible; it's an exciting and dynamic field of study that encompasses everything from international relations to local government. If you're interested in how power works, how decisions are made, and how societies are shaped, then studying politics at the undergraduate level might be just the thing for you. At its core, politics is about understanding how people and institutions interact with each other to make decisions that affect our lives. This means studying everything from political theory and philosophy to the nuts and bolts of government policy-making. It also means exploring the many different systems of government that exist around the world, from democracies to dictatorships, and learning about the challenges and opportunities that each one presents. One of the most interesting things about studying politics is the breadth of research and innovation that is taking place in the field. From groundbreaking new theories about democracy and governance to innovative approaches to public policy, there is always something new and exciting happening in politics. And with so many well-known academic figures making major contributions to the field, there is no shortage of inspiring academic discourse to engage with. At the undergraduate level, typical majors and modules might include courses on political theory, comparative politics, international relations, and public policy. But there are also plenty of opportunities to specialize further, whether that means focusing on a particular region of the world, a specific area of policy, or a particular type of government. So what can you do with a degree in politics? The possibilities are endless. There are a range of potential future jobs and roles that this field of study might be directly helpful for, including careers in government, NGOs, think tanks, and international organizations. But politics is also a useful foundation for a wide range of other careers, from law and journalism to business and finance. To succeed in this field of study, it's helpful to have strong critical thinking skills, a passion for social justice, and an interest in current events and public affairs. You should also be comfortable with public speaking and debate, as well as skilled at research and analysis. If you're ready to dive into the exciting world of politics, then studying it at the undergraduate level might be just the thing to launch your career in this exciting field.

Are you interested in working on some of the world's most pressing issues, such as climate change, poverty, conflict, and global health? Do you want to make a difference on a global scale? If so, a career in international relations might be right for you. International relations is the study of the relationships between countries and other international actors, such as non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and multinational corporations. It covers a wide range of issues, from economic cooperation and trade to human rights and conflict resolution. The field is interdisciplinary, drawing on politics, economics, law, history, and other social sciences. What makes a career in international relations so appealing and meaningful is the opportunity to have a real impact on the world. For example, you could work for an NGO that provides humanitarian aid to refugees, negotiate a peace agreement between warring factions, or advise a government on how to address a public health crisis. Your work could take you all over the world and give you the chance to interact with people from different cultures and backgrounds. The typical duties of someone working in international relations can vary widely depending on the area of specialization. Some possible areas of specialization include international security, global governance, human rights, international law, and international development. Common duties include conducting research, analyzing policy, developing and implementing programs, and negotiating agreements. Other related fields include international business, journalism, and diplomacy. To work in international relations, you will typically need at least a bachelor's degree, although many positions require a master's degree or higher. Some popular undergraduate majors for international relations include political science, economics, history, and foreign languages. There are also many specialized international relations programs that provide a more focused education in the field. Helpful personal attributes for a career in international relations include strong communication skills, cultural sensitivity, the ability to work well under pressure, and the ability to think critically and creatively. Fluency in multiple languages is also highly valued. Job prospects in international relations are varied, but there is a wide range of potential employers from both the public and private sectors. Some notable public sector employers include the United Nations, the World Bank, and the U.S. State Department. Private sector employers can include multinational corporations, consulting firms, and NGOs. Longer term, the job outlook for international relations is positive, with continued growth in globalization and the increasing complexity of global issues.

Marion Nestle's "Food Politics" is an eye-opening exposé on the food industry's tactics to persuade us to eat more, regardless of the consequences to our health. With a staggering $900 billion in sales, food companies lobby officials, co-opt experts, and market to vulnerable groups to expand their profits. Nestle, a former editor of the Surgeon General's Report on Nutrition and Health, reveals the shocking truth behind government dietary advice, school food policies, and diet supplements. This thought-provoking book will change the way you view the food industry's marketing practices and help you make informed decisions about what you eat. Recommended for anyone interested in nutrition, public health, business, and politics, "Food Politics" provides a comprehensive analysis of the food industry's influence on government policies and public health. This book is particularly relevant to students pursuing degrees in nutrition, public health, business, or political science, as it highlights the intersection of these fields. It is also relevant to anyone interested in making informed decisions about their food choices and understanding the impact of the food industry on the global food system. Additionally, "Food Politics" sheds light on the marketing tactics used to target vulnerable groups, making it a valuable resource for those interested in social justice and advocacy.

Are you passionate about making a positive impact on society? Do you want to work towards creating a better world for everyone? Then studying Public Service might be the perfect fit for you! Public Service is a field of study that focuses on the management, administration, and policy-making of government and non-profit organizations. It incorporates a range of disciplines such as political science, economics, sociology, and law, to equip students with the skills and knowledge needed to tackle complex social issues. One of the most appealing aspects of studying Public Service is the opportunity to make a real difference in people's lives. Whether it's working towards improving public health, education, or social justice, Public Service graduates have the skills and expertise to create meaningful change in the world. Some of the most interesting research in Public Service is focused on finding innovative solutions to social problems. From developing new policies to creating effective public programs, there are countless opportunities to make a difference. Well-known academic figures such as Robert Reich, Angela Davis, and Noam Chomsky have made significant contributions to the field of Public Service, inspiring students to follow in their footsteps. At the undergraduate level, students can choose from a range of majors and modules, including Public Policy, Non-Profit Management, and International Development. These modules provide students with a solid foundation in the principles of Public Service and prepare them for further specialization in areas such as Environmental Policy, Health Policy, or Human Rights. After graduation, Public Service graduates have a wide range of career options to choose from. They can work in government agencies, non-profit organizations, international organizations, or the private sector. Key industries for prospective future employment include healthcare, education, social services, and environmental protection. Some notable employers include the United Nations, Doctors Without Borders, and the World Wildlife Fund. To succeed in the field of Public Service, students should possess a range of personal attributes, skills, and subject interests. Strong communication skills, critical thinking, and problem-solving abilities are essential, as well as a passion for social justice and a desire to make a positive impact on society. In summary, studying Public Service is an excellent choice for students who are passionate about making a difference in the world. With a range of exciting career options and the potential to create meaningful change, Public Service is a field of study that is both rewarding and inspiring.

If you have a passion for public service and making a difference in the world, a career in politics could be the perfect fit for you. As a politician, you'll have the opportunity to shape policy, impact people's lives, and work towards a better future for all. Politics is a broad field that encompasses a wide range of roles, from elected officials like mayors and members of parliament to policy analysts and campaign managers. As a politician, you might work at the local, state/provincial, or national level, and your work could touch on everything from education to healthcare, the environment, and beyond. One of the most attractive and meaningful aspects of a career in politics is the opportunity to make a real difference in people's lives. For example, politicians can help create policies that improve access to healthcare, reduce poverty, or combat climate change. Moreover, politicians can provide strong leadership and inspire the next generation of citizens. Politicians also get to work with a diverse group of people, including activists, community leaders, and other politicians. For example, U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris is a great example of a politician who has worked with diverse groups to help advance important issues like criminal justice reform and voting rights. Typical duties of a politician include developing and implementing policy, communicating with constituents, and working with other politicians to get legislation passed. Within the field of politics, there are many potential areas of specialization, such as foreign policy, education, and environmental policy. Related fields include public administration, law, and journalism. To become a politician, you typically need a bachelor's degree in a related field, such as political science or public policy. Some popular undergraduate programs for aspiring politicians include Harvard University's Government program, the University of California, Berkeley's Political Science program, and the London School of Economics and Political Science's Government program. Helpful personal attributes for a career in politics include strong communication skills, leadership ability, and a passion for public service. Politicians also need to be able to work well under pressure, and have a keen eye for detail and strategy. The job prospects for politicians are highly variable and depend on many factors, including the level of government you're interested in working for, the area of policy you specialize in, and the current political climate. Some notable and attractive potential employers include the United Nations, the European Union, and national governments around the world, as well as non-governmental organizations like Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, and Greenpeace.

Are you interested in making a difference in the world? Do you want to be part of the team that shapes and influences the policies that affect our lives? If you answered yes, then a career as a Policy Analyst might be perfect for you! Policy Analysts are professionals who work to research, analyze, and develop policies that impact a wide range of industries and sectors. They are responsible for identifying the issues, analyzing data, and making recommendations to improve policies and programs. They work in various fields such as healthcare, education, social welfare, environmental protection, and more. As a Policy Analyst, you could work on projects that range from improving public transportation to developing new healthcare policies. You could also be involved in researching and analyzing data on social and economic trends, as well as working with policymakers to develop and implement new policies. One exciting aspect of this career is the potential for specialization. You could choose to focus on a specific area, such as environmental policy, healthcare policy, or education policy. This allows you to become an expert in your chosen field and make a significant impact on the issues that matter most to you. To become a Policy Analyst, you will typically need a Bachelor's degree in a related field such as Political Science, Public Administration, or Economics. Some popular undergraduate programs and majors include Public Policy, International Relations, and Sociology. Helpful personal attributes for this career include excellent analytical skills, strong communication skills, and the ability to work well in a team. You should also have a passion for research and a desire to make a positive impact on society. Job prospects for Policy Analysts are excellent, with many opportunities available in both the public and private sectors. Some notable employers include the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and various government agencies such as the Department of Homeland Security and the Environmental Protection Agency. In conclusion, a career as a Policy Analyst offers an exciting and rewarding opportunity to make a difference in the world. With a wide range of potential specializations and excellent job prospects, this career is perfect for those who are passionate about research, analysis, and making a positive impact on society. So what are you waiting for? Start exploring this exciting career today!

The pandemic has exposed the flaws in America's social contract and its ability to protect all citizens. Political philosopher Danielle S. Allen calls for a deeper understanding of the responsibilities of public decision-makers and citizens to repair the broken contract and build pandemic resilience and justice through good governance and strong bonds of solidarity.

Do you want to make a real difference in the world? William MacAskill's "Doing Good Better" challenges us to move beyond our emotions and assumptions to make the most effective altruistic decisions. By asking five key questions, he shows us how to maximize our impact regardless of our resources. Did you know that becoming a plastic surgeon could save more lives than becoming a heart surgeon? Or that measuring a charity's overhead costs is an inaccurate gauge of its effectiveness? With evidence-based reasoning, this book will change the way you think about doing good. Recommended for anyone who wants to make a positive impact in the world, "Doing Good Better" is a must-read for students, professionals, and activists alike. This book will be particularly relevant to those interested in fields such as public policy, philanthropy, and international development. It will also appeal to those who are passionate about social justice, environmentalism, and animal welfare. By challenging assumptions and encouraging evidence-based reasoning, MacAskill's book provides a framework for anyone looking to make a difference in the world.

In the world we live in, there are many problems that we can't solve alone, but only as a collective group. This is known as a collective action problem. It's a situation where we all share a common goal, but we need everyone to contribute in order to achieve it. Whether it's reducing air pollution, protecting endangered species, or promoting a culture of body positivity, collective action problems require coordination and collaboration. By understanding the underlying structure of these problems and exploring potential solutions like social norms, legal sanctions, and tax incentives, we can learn how to tackle these challenges and make a positive impact on the world. Not all problems are worth solving, but by identifying the ones that are, we can work together to create a better future for ourselves and for generations to come.

Are you passionate about making a positive impact in your community? Do you have a knack for leadership and problem-solving? If so, a career as a City Manager might just be the perfect fit for you! As a City Manager, you will play a crucial role in the day-to-day operations of your city. You will be responsible for overseeing all aspects of city operations, from managing budgets and implementing policies to ensuring the safety and well-being of your citizens. One of the most appealing aspects of this role is the opportunity to make a real difference in your community. Whether you're working to improve infrastructure, promote economic growth, or provide essential services to your citizens, you will have the power to shape the future of your city. In addition to the meaningful work, a career as a City Manager also offers a wide range of potential specializations. You may choose to focus on areas such as urban planning, public safety, or environmental sustainability, depending on your interests and expertise. To become a City Manager, you will need to have a strong educational background. Popular undergraduate programs and majors include public administration, political science, and business management. You may also choose to pursue a master's degree in a related field to further enhance your skills and knowledge. In terms of personal attributes, successful City Managers tend to be strong communicators, strategic thinkers, and effective problem-solvers. They are also highly organized and able to manage multiple priorities simultaneously. The job prospects for City Managers are promising, with many opportunities available in both the public and private sectors. Notable employers include the City of New York, the City of London, and the City of Tokyo, among others. So, if you're looking for a career that combines meaningful work with the opportunity to make a real difference in your community, consider becoming a City Manager. With hard work, dedication, and a passion for public service, you could be on your way to a rewarding and fulfilling career!

Have you ever wondered how laws are made or changed? Do you have a passion for politics and a desire to make a difference? If so, a career as a lobbyist may be just what you're looking for! Lobbyists are professionals who work to influence government officials on behalf of their clients. These clients can range from corporations and non-profit organizations to individuals and interest groups. The goal of a lobbyist is to persuade lawmakers to support or oppose specific policies or legislation that would benefit their clients. One of the most appealing aspects of being a lobbyist is the opportunity to work on issues that you're passionate about. For example, if you care about environmental protection, you could work for a non-profit organization that lobbies for stronger regulations on pollution. Or, if you're interested in healthcare, you could work for a hospital system that lobbies for better funding for medical research. As a lobbyist, your duties would include researching and analyzing legislation, meeting with lawmakers and other government officials, and developing strategies to influence their decisions. You may also be responsible for organizing events and campaigns to raise awareness about your client's cause. There are many different areas of specialization within the field of lobbying. Some lobbyists focus on specific issues, such as healthcare or education, while others work on behalf of a particular industry, such as energy or technology. Additionally, some lobbyists work at the local or state level, while others focus on federal issues. To become a lobbyist, you typically need a bachelor's degree in a related field such as political science, public policy, or communications. Many lobbyists also have experience working in government or politics before transitioning to lobbying. Helpful personal attributes for a career in lobbying include strong communication skills, the ability to build relationships, and a deep understanding of the political process. You should also be comfortable working in a fast-paced, high-pressure environment. Job prospects for lobbyists are generally good, with a projected growth rate of 6% over the next decade. There are many potential employers in both the public and private sectors, including law firms, non-profit organizations, and government agencies. Some notable examples of employers in the lobbying industry include the American Medical Association, the National Rifle Association, and the Sierra Club. If you're passionate about politics and want to make a difference, a career as a lobbyist could be a perfect fit for you. With the right education, experience, and personal attributes, you could help shape the policies that affect our world for years to come.

Cryptocurrency investors are at risk of gambling-related harms, with online gambling outlets accepting crypto wagers posing even greater threats. A new study by the University of Bristol and the University of East London highlights the lack of regulation, risk of fraud, and extreme price volatility as emerging crypto risks. The study explores the intersection of cryptocurrency investing and gambling, citing evidence that shows how crypto trading is associated with increased gambling activity and high-risk stock trading. Cryptocasinos present a double danger, allowing gamblers to bet on sophisticated online gambling products using volatile cryptocurrencies as the source of funds.

How does cultural background affect responses to COVID-19? Our research shows that cultural norms and values play a significant role in explaining heterogeneity in exposure to the virus both across and within countries. From social distancing to vaccination campaigns, cultural attitudes can make an important difference in compliance with public health measures. As migration continues to shape cultural backgrounds, policymakers must consider the likely reaction of their citizenship to contain the spread of communicable diseases.

Have you ever wondered what it takes to make a positive impact on the world? If you're passionate about giving back and making a difference, then the study of philanthropy might be just what you're looking for! Philanthropy is the act of giving time, money, or resources to charitable causes, and studying it can help you understand how to make the most meaningful impact. From funding medical research to supporting disaster relief efforts, philanthropy plays a crucial role in shaping our society. In recent years, philanthropy has become an increasingly popular field of study, with many universities offering undergraduate programs in the subject. Students who major in philanthropy can expect to learn about the history and theories of giving, as well as the practical skills needed to run a successful nonprofit organization. One of the most exciting aspects of studying philanthropy is the opportunity to engage in innovative research and academic discourse. From exploring the psychology of giving to analyzing the impact of different types of philanthropic investments, there's always something new to discover in this dynamic field. At the undergraduate level, students can expect to take classes in subjects like fundraising, grant writing, and nonprofit management. For those who want to specialize further, there are a variety of majors and modules to choose from, such as social entrepreneurship, impact investing, and corporate social responsibility. But what kind of career can you expect with a degree in philanthropy? The possibilities are endless! Graduates may go on to work for nonprofits, foundations, or social enterprises, or they may pursue careers in fields like finance, law, or public policy. Some notable employers in this field include the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Ford Foundation, and the United Nations Foundation. To succeed in philanthropy, it's important to have a strong sense of empathy, a passion for social justice, and excellent communication skills. If you're ready to make a difference in the world, then the study of philanthropy might just be the perfect fit for you!

Are you fascinated by current world events and the interactions between nations, cultures, and societies? Do you want to explore the complexities of global politics and diplomacy? If so, studying International Relations at university undergraduate level might be the perfect fit for you. International Relations is a dynamic and ever-changing field of study that examines the relationships between countries and how they interact with each other on a global scale. It delves into the complexities of international politics, economics, and culture, and explores how these factors shape the world we live in. One of the most appealing aspects of studying International Relations is the opportunity to learn about real-life examples of international relations at work. From the UN peacekeeping missions to the Paris Climate Agreement, you will learn about some of the most significant events and agreements in modern history. You will also get to study the works of well-known academic figures such as Joseph Nye and Samuel Huntington, who have contributed groundbreaking theories to the field. At the undergraduate level, typical majors and modules include International Political Economy, Global Governance, and International Security. You can also specialize in areas such as Middle Eastern Studies or Human Rights, depending on your interests. For example, you could study the role of women in conflict resolution in the Middle East or analyze the impact of climate change on global security. After completing your degree, there are numerous potential career paths you could take. You could work in government agencies or think tanks, consulting firms, or international organizations such as the United Nations or the World Bank. You could also work in the private sector, with companies such as Google or ExxonMobil, who have a global presence and need employees with an understanding of international relations. To succeed in this field, it's helpful to have a strong interest in current world events and a desire to understand how they fit into the bigger picture. Strong analytical and critical thinking skills are also crucial, as is the ability to communicate effectively and work well in a team. So if you're passionate about global issues and want to make a positive impact on the world, studying International Relations at university undergraduate level could be the perfect choice for you.

A new RAND report finds that child-access-prevention laws reduce firearm homicides and self-injuries among youth, while shall-issue concealed-carry and stand-your-ground laws increase levels of firearm violence. The report also highlights policies with moderate scientific evidence of effects, including private-seller background-check requirements and state laws prohibiting individuals subject to domestic-violence restraining orders from possessing firearms. With gun violence surpassing motor vehicle crashes as the leading cause of death among children and adolescents, the report recommends states adopt child-access-prevention laws and consider repealing or amending stand-your-ground laws.