Glass was once a precious material for kings, but its origins and history remain mysterious. Recent materials science techniques have begun to fill in the details, opening a window onto the lives of Bronze Age artisans, traders, and kings, and the international connections between them. Discover the secrets of ancient glassmaking and its colorful hues that would have afforded the most striking colors other than gemstones.

The Inca's discovery of naturally occurring titanium dioxide and silica in a rare mineral deposit revolutionized the history of color, leading to the use of the brilliant white pigment in their ceremonial cups, centuries before its invention in the West. Explore the story of the Giacomo Deposit and the Inca's chromatic revolution.

Are you fascinated by the mysteries of the past? Do you ever wonder how ancient people built massive structures without modern technology? Then you'll love this new discovery! According to Smithsonian Magazine, researchers have found stone engravings that depict desert kites, massive stone structures used by Stone Age hunters to trap wild animals. What's amazing is that these engravings are accurate, to-scale depictions of desert kites that date back to between 7,000 and 8,000 years ago, making them the oldest known realistic plans for large, human-made structures. Read on to learn more about this incredible discovery and what it tells us about the ingenuity of our ancestors.

Explore the fascinating world of submerged prehistory, from human remains to extinct animals, and uncover the true story of America's earliest settlers. Discover how new technology is unlocking the secrets of sunken landscapes, and how these discoveries are changing our understanding of history. Meet the pioneers of underwater archaeology, from an untrained amateur to a marine biologist, and learn how their groundbreaking work is rewriting the textbooks. Join us on a journey through time and dive into the depths of America's past.

Have you ever wondered what life was like for our ancestors thousands of years ago? Do you have a passion for uncovering the mysteries of the past? If so, then archaeology might just be the perfect field of study for you! Archaeology is the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation, analysis, and interpretation of artifacts, structures, and other physical remains. As an archaeologist, you'll have the opportunity to explore ancient civilizations, uncover hidden treasures, and piece together the stories of our collective past. One of the most appealing aspects of archaeology is the sense of discovery and adventure that comes with the field. Imagine being the first person in centuries to lay eyes on a long-lost temple or uncovering a buried treasure trove of ancient artifacts. Archaeologists are constantly pushing the boundaries of what we know about our past, and the thrill of discovery is a major draw for many students. In terms of research and academic discourse, archaeology is a constantly evolving field with new discoveries and innovations being made all the time. From the study of ancient DNA to the use of cutting-edge technology like LiDAR to map archaeological sites, there are always exciting new developments to explore. At the undergraduate level, typical majors and modules in archaeology might include courses in archaeological theory, excavation techniques, and artifact analysis. From there, students can specialize in a range of areas, from the study of ancient civilizations like the Greeks and Romans to the analysis of prehistoric societies in Africa or the Americas. In terms of future career prospects, there are a wide range of options available to archaeology graduates. Many go on to work in museums, cultural heritage organizations, or government agencies, while others pursue careers in academia or private consulting firms. Notable employers in the field include the Smithsonian Institution, National Geographic, and UNESCO. To succeed in archaeology, it's important to have a strong sense of curiosity and a passion for history and culture. Attention to detail, critical thinking skills, and the ability to work well in a team are also essential. If you're interested in exploring the mysteries of the past and uncovering the stories of our ancestors, then a degree in archaeology might just be the perfect fit for you!

Have you ever wondered what life was like thousands of years ago? Do you have a passion for exploring the mysteries of the past? If so, a career in archaeology might be just the thing for you! Archaeology is the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation and analysis of artifacts, structures, and other physical remains. It's a fascinating field that combines science, history, and detective work to uncover the secrets of our ancestors. As an archaeologist, you could find yourself working on a variety of projects, from excavating ancient ruins to studying the remains of early human civilizations. You might specialize in a particular area, such as underwater archaeology, or focus on a specific time period, such as the ancient Egyptians or the Mayans. Typical duties of an archaeologist include conducting fieldwork and excavations, analyzing and interpreting data, and writing reports on findings. You might also work with other professionals, such as historians, geologists, or anthropologists, to gain a better understanding of the past. To become an archaeologist, you'll typically need a bachelor's degree in archaeology, anthropology, or a related field. Many universities offer undergraduate programs in archaeology, and some even have specialized majors, such as archaeology and art history or archaeology and classics. Helpful personal attributes for a career in archaeology include a love of history and a passion for discovery. You should also be detail-oriented, patient, and able to work well in a team. The job prospects for archaeologists are good, with a projected growth rate of 5% over the next decade. There are many potential employers in both the public and private sectors, including museums, universities, government agencies, and consulting firms. Some notable employers in the field of archaeology include the Smithsonian Institution, the National Park Service, and the Archaeological Institute of America. With a career in archaeology, you could have the opportunity to work on exciting projects all over the world, from the pyramids of Egypt to the ruins of Machu Picchu. So if you're ready to dig deep into the past and uncover the secrets of our ancestors, a career in archaeology might be just what you're looking for!

Discover the fascinating story of Homo erectus, the first hominin to make teardrop-shaped stone hand axes and the first runner. Find out what pushed these early humans out of Africa and how they managed to thrive across half the world. Explore the rich archaeological treasures of Ubeidiya, one of the earliest-known sites settled by H. erectus, and gain insight into why this species was so successful. Join the debate on what factors led to their migration, and learn about the deep questions of resilience and innovation that H. erectus raises.

Unravel the mysteries of ancient texts, including a stamped clay disk, Easter Island tablets, and a 16th-century world map. Discover the secrets of the Minoan kingdom and the Voynich manuscript. Join the search for answers to these enigmatic artifacts.

Understanding the science behind climate change is crucial for high school students. Eunice Foote, a women's rights activist, discovered the greenhouse effect in 1856, but her work was buried for 150 years. Guy Stewart Callendar and Charles Keeling continued their research in the 1930s and 1950s, respectively, and proved that human activity was causing global warming. Keeling's Mauna Loa project is still the world's benchmark site for measuring CO2. By learning about the history of climate science, students can appreciate the importance of perseverance in scientific research and the impact of human activity on the environment. Understanding climate science can also help students make informed decisions about their own carbon footprint and advocate for change in their communities.

The study published in PLOS ONE reveals the discovery of Roman gold coins that were previously thought to be fake for over 150 years. The coins, which are now scientifically proven to be authentic, shed light on the long-lost emperor Sponsian and his reign. The coins were found in an isolated gold mining outpost in Roman Dacia, providing insight into the area's untold story.

Explore the Tito Bustillo Cave in Spain, home to some of the earliest examples of human artistic expression in Europe. From 65,000-year-old Neanderthal paintings to 36,000-year-old modern human art, discover how these works reflect changing subjects and techniques during the Ice Age. Unearth valuable evidence of hunter-gatherer life through artifacts like arrowheads, harpoons, and tools. Don't miss the Chamber of Vulvas, believed to represent female genitalia, and the oldest humanlike figures in the cave. Join the ranks of young cavers who discovered this treasure trove and alerted authorities.

The Moon is a fascinating subject that has influenced many aspects of our culture, thought and being. It is present in design, art, music, science, technology, religion, and more. Learning about the Moon can help us understand its impact on our bodies, minds, and environment. For example, the Moon affects the tides and may even affect crime rates. Additionally, the Moon has been personified as both male and female throughout history and has been the subject of many artistic works. By exploring the Moon's mysteries, we can gain a deeper understanding of ourselves and our place in the natural world. Whether you see the Moon as a life support system, a bringer of death, or a symbol of peace, it embodies all the light and shade of human experience. So let's embrace the mystery and discover what the Moon has to offer!

Marine archaeologists and explorers embark on a daring mission to locate Sir Ernest Shackleton's lost ship, Endurance, trapped in the treacherous Antarctic sea-ice for over 100 years. Despite failed attempts, the fascination with Shackleton's Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition and the legendary escape of his men fuels the search for this elusive shipwreck. With new technology and tactics, the Endurance22 project sets out to make history and answer the question: what would it mean to find the Endurance?

Are you interested in environmental conservation but find it difficult to navigate the complex language used in the field? Look no further than Sustainability by Bryan Norton. Norton argues that the key to successful conservation lies in effective communication and proposes a new, interdisciplinary approach to defining sustainability. By creating a nonideological vocabulary that can accommodate scientific and evaluative environmental discourse, Norton encourages cooperation and adaptation through social learning. If you're looking for a practical framework that emphasizes problem-solving and interdisciplinary collaboration, Sustainability is the book for you. Recommended for environmental science students, policymakers, and anyone interested in sustainability and conservation, Sustainability by Bryan Norton offers a unique perspective on the importance of effective communication in environmental policy. Norton's interdisciplinary approach to defining sustainability provides a practical framework that encourages experimentation and problem-solving. This book is relevant to a range of fields, including philosophy, linguistics, and environmental science, and emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in creating solutions. If you're interested in learning more about how communication can be used to promote environmental conservation, Sustainability is a must-read.

Are you fascinated by the mysteries of the past? Do you have a passion for unearthing ancient artifacts and discovering lost civilizations? If so, a career in archaeology may be the perfect fit for you! Archaeology is the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation and analysis of artifacts, structures, and other physical remains. It's a field that combines science, history, and anthropology to help us better understand our past and the world around us. As an archaeologist, you'll have the opportunity to explore ancient ruins, dig up artifacts, and piece together the stories of long-lost civilizations. You might work on excavation sites in far-off lands, or analyze artifacts in a laboratory setting. One of the most appealing aspects of a career in archaeology is the opportunity to make exciting discoveries that shed new light on our understanding of history. For example, in 2019, archaeologists in Egypt discovered a 4,000-year-old tomb that contained the remains of a high-ranking priestess and a trove of valuable artifacts. Typical duties of an archaeologist include conducting fieldwork, analyzing artifacts, and preparing reports on findings. There are many areas of specialization within the field, including historical archaeology, underwater archaeology, and bioarchaeology. To become an archaeologist, you'll typically need a bachelor's degree in archaeology, anthropology, or a related field. Popular undergraduate programs and majors include Archaeology, Anthropology, and Classics. Many archaeologists also pursue advanced degrees, such as a master's or PhD. Helpful personal attributes for a career in archaeology include a strong attention to detail, a passion for history and culture, and excellent communication skills. You'll need to be able to work well in a team, as well as independently. Job prospects for archaeologists are generally good, with opportunities available in both the public and private sectors. Potential employers include museums, universities, government agencies, and private archaeological consulting firms. Some notable employers include the Smithsonian Institution, the National Park Service, and the Archaeological Institute of America. In the longer term, the outlook for archaeologists is positive, with growing interest in preserving and studying our cultural heritage. As an archaeologist, you'll have the opportunity to make a real impact, uncovering new insights into our past and helping to preserve our shared history for future generations.

Medieval texts, ice core, and tree ring data reveal how volcanic eruptions triggered the Little Ice Age. Researchers from the University of Cambridge and the University of Geneva examined hundreds of annals and chronicles from across Europe and the Middle East, in search of references to total lunar eclipses and their coloration. They found that the darkest lunar eclipses all occurred within a year or so of major volcanic eruptions, leading to cooling and other climate anomalies. Find out how the monks' records of the brightness and colour of the eclipsed moon helped narrow down when the eruptions must have happened.

Are you curious about ancient artifacts and the stories they hold? A recent article in Smithsonian Magazine details a groundbreaking new method for extracting DNA from porous artifacts, such as jewelry and tools, without causing damage. Researchers were able to use this technique to determine that a 20,000-year-old elk tooth pendant found in Siberia was last worn by a woman or girl who hailed from a region 1,200 miles away. This new method has the potential to unlock ancient DNA from other very old items and provide insight into cultural practices and social structure in ancient populations. Don't miss out on this fascinating read!

Unearthed in a Roman town house in Leicester, a unique bronze key handle depicting a lion fighting a man sheds new light on the brutal character of Roman authority in Britain. Archaeologists believe this rare discovery may reflect real executions, which were a form of public entertainment and symbolized the destruction of Rome's enemies. The artifact also suggests the possibility that the Romans imported exotic animals, including lions, to Britain. Explore this fascinating find and its implications for our understanding of Roman rule and life in Roman Britain.

Discover how combining strontium and tree-ring analysis can provide a more detailed picture of the origin of historic timber, revealing the spread of the lively timber trade in the region.

Space debris tells a story of humanity's evolving relationship with space. With over 100 million objects orbiting Earth, Lisa Ruth Rand, a Caltech professor, studies the impact of space debris on human culture and the environment. Learn how gender politics intersect with space exploration and how space is a global environment that poses unique challenges. Discover the fascinating history of space junk and its potential hazards to spacecraft and satellites.