Can you distinguish between real and fake news on social media? MIT scholars found that the act of considering whether to share news items reduces people's ability to tell truths from falsehoods by 35%. Learn more about the essential tension between sharing and accuracy in the realm of social media, and the potential implications for online news consumption.

Are you interested in understanding how language impacts people with disabilities? Flinders University and UK researchers have analysed the use of disability-related taboo words, exploring their negative and positive impact on people with disabilities. The study sheds light on why taboo words continue to be used in a positive way and the grassroots campaigns trying to raise awareness and discourage people from using hurtful words. This article is a must-read for anyone interested in promoting inclusion and understanding for people with disabilities.

How do public ceremonies establish authority? Why do advertisers pay millions for Super Bowl commercials? Michael Chwe's book, "Rational Ritual," answers these questions by exploring the power of "common knowledge." By using game theory, Chwe shows how people coordinate their actions by forming shared knowledge with one another. He applies this concept to analyze a range of rituals across history and cultures, from political ceremonies to public festivals. This book offers a fascinating look at the relationship between rationality and culture, and how game theory can be applied to a broad spectrum of problems." Recommended for social science and humanities scholars, as well as anyone interested in the power of shared knowledge and the role it plays in shaping cultural practices. The book's insights are relevant to fields such as anthropology, sociology, psychology, and communication studies. It may also be of interest to professionals in advertising and marketing, as well as those involved in organizing public ceremonies and events. Additionally, the book offers a unique perspective on the Super Bowl and other major cultural events, making it a great read for sports fans and pop culture enthusiasts.

Is social media a tool for social cohesion or social division? Learn from Annenberg School for Communication Associate Professors Sandra González-Bailón and Yphtach Lelkes as they take stock of the existing studies and reveal what we know to date. Discover how social media affects our networks, public discourse, and political contexts, and how toxic language and hostility dominate social platforms. Explore the positive and negative effects of social media on social cohesion and polarization, and how policy changes can improve the situation.

Reading books and stories is not just a form of entertainment; it has the power to change our perspectives and shape our beliefs. Scholars in various fields have discovered that stories have a unique ability to change our point of view and shape culture. For example, Samuel Richardson's "Pamela" challenged the traditional ideas of class, marriage, and gender, which caused quite a ruckus, but it also inspired a slew of counter-novels. Today, novels continue to inspire us and teach us valuable lessons. Recent studies show that we might not be hardwired for competition and individual heroism, but instead, we might be members of a shared quest. As students, we should keep in mind that the terrain has changed, and we should explore new stories that promise to influence, create, and spark change. So, what story will you try on next?

Academic concepts like technology, media control, and truth-telling are explored in George Orwell's work, particularly in his novel 1984. Orwell's fascination with technology and its potential is relatable to our own generation's interest in social media and online identity. The novel's portrayal of a state controlling all media and messaging is contrasted with our diverse media landscape today, although some states still try to suppress online speech. Orwell's commitment to truth-telling is a valuable lesson for us today, as we navigate the spread of mistruths and lies on social media. By exploring these academic concepts, we can better understand the role of technology in our lives and the importance of staying vigilant against attempts to control or manipulate information.

Have you ever wondered why your parents seem so concerned about your mobile phone and its "dangers"? Turns out this is nothing new! Media panic, or emotional criticism against a new medium or technology, has been around for centuries. With each new medium typically comes concern over its addictive and harmful nature. An example of this would be the development of mass printing in Britain in the 18th century, which led to many people protesting against the sudden ability for people to spread "poison continuously flowing through" society. However, history has shown that these concerns often fade over time, and new forms of media take their place. Learning about media panics can provide perspective and help us avoid panicking about the latest technology. Additionally, understanding cultural capital and the role of knowledge about culture in establishing one's position in society can help explain why some individuals may react nervously to new forms of media. By exploring these concepts, students can gain a deeper understanding of the ways in which media affects society and the importance of approaching new technology with caution but also with an open mind.

Aristotle's Treatise on Rhetoric, written over 2,000 years ago, explores the art of persuasion through communication, which is still relevant today. The three types of persuasive speech Aristotle describes are: forensic rhetoric, which establishes facts and judgments about the past; epideictic rhetoric, which makes a proclamation about the present situation; and deliberative rhetoric, which focuses on the future. The latter is the most effective in achieving change and involves three persuasive appeals: ethos, logos, and pathos. Ethos is how you convince an audience of your credibility, logos is the use of logic and reason, and pathos appeals to emotions. Knowing how to use these rhetorical appeals is essential in persuading others, but also in recognizing when they are being used on you. Understanding and mastering the art of rhetoric can help you communicate more effectively and achieve your goals.

Fahrenheit 451 is a novel that imagines a world where books are banned, and possessing them is forbidden. The protagonist, Montag, is responsible for destroying what remains. However, as he burns books day after day, Montag's mind occasionally wanders to the contraband that lies hidden in his home. Gradually, he begins to question the basis of his work. Fahrenheit 451 depicts a world governed by surveillance, robotics, and virtual reality. Dystopian fiction amplifies troubling features of the world around us and imagines the consequences of taking them to an extreme. In many dystopian stories, the government imposes constrictions onto unwilling subjects. But in Fahrenheit 451, Montag learns that it was the apathy of the masses that gave rise to the current regime. Fahrenheit 451 is a portrait of independent thought on the brink of extinction - and a parable about a society that is complicit in its own combustion. Learning about dystopian fiction can help students understand the importance of independent thought, creativity, and individuality in a world that values conformity.

In a world where social media is king, how do modern protests form and operate? Zeynep Tufekci offers insightful analysis and firsthand experience in "Twitter and Tear Gas." From the Zapatista uprisings in Mexico to the Arab Spring, Tufekci explores the power and limitations of using technology to mobilize large groups of people. Discover how tear gas empowered protesters in Istanbul's Gezi Park, and why the Occupy Movement refused to use bullhorns in New York. This book is a must-read for anyone interested in the future of governance, culture, and the role of social media in modern protest movements. Recommended for political science, sociology, and communication studies students, as well as activists and organizers, "Twitter and Tear Gas" offers a unique perspective on the role of social media in modern protest movements. Zeynep Tufekci's firsthand experience and scholarly insights provide a nuanced understanding of how protests form and operate in the digital age. This book is relevant to anyone interested in the intersection of technology, culture, and governance, and how social media has changed the way people mobilize and demand change.

Gender Studies is a field of study that explores the social, cultural, and political construction of gender, and the ways in which gender intersects with other aspects of identity, such as race, class, sexuality, and ability. It is an interdisciplinary field that draws on various disciplines, such as sociology, psychology, anthropology, literature, and history, to critically analyze and challenge traditional understandings of gender and its impact on society. One of the most appealing aspects of Gender Studies is its relevance to contemporary issues and real-life examples. For instance, the #MeToo movement, which gained worldwide attention for its focus on sexual harassment and assault, has its roots in feminist theory and activism, which are central to Gender Studies. Similarly, issues such as gender inequality in the workplace, reproductive rights, and LGBTQ+ rights are all topics that are explored in depth in this field. The academic discourse within Gender Studies is constantly evolving, with new research and innovations emerging all the time. One of the most well-known figures in this field is Judith Butler, who developed the concept of gender performativity and has made significant contributions to feminist and queer theory. Other prominent scholars in the field include bell hooks, Gloria Anzaldúa, and Kimberlé Crenshaw, among many others. At the undergraduate level, majors in Gender Studies typically involve a broad range of modules, including feminist theory, women's studies, gender and sexuality studies, and queer studies, to name a few. There are also opportunities to specialize further in areas such as critical race studies, trans studies, and global gender studies. Real-life examples of exciting careers in Gender Studies include working in NGOs such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch, or within government institutions such as the United Nations or the European Union. The potential job prospects in Gender Studies are numerous and diverse, including roles in advocacy, research, education, and policy. Many graduates go on to work as gender equality officers, human rights advocates, social workers, or academics. Some notable employers in the public sector include the United Nations Development Programme and UN Women, while private companies such as Google and Salesforce have also been known to hire Gender Studies graduates. To succeed in Gender Studies, it is helpful to possess certain personal attributes, such as an open-mindedness, empathy, and an interest in social justice. Strong analytical and critical thinking skills are also important, as is the ability to communicate complex ideas clearly and effectively. Above all, an interest in exploring the complexities of gender and its intersections with other aspects of identity is essential.

Are you passionate about social justice and equality? Do you believe that everyone deserves to be treated fairly, regardless of their gender identity or expression? If so, a career in Gender Studies might be just the thing for you! Gender Studies is an interdisciplinary field that explores the ways in which gender shapes our lives and experiences. This includes examining issues such as gender inequality, gender-based violence, and the ways in which gender intersects with other aspects of our identities, such as race, class, and sexuality. As a Gender Studies professional, you'll have the opportunity to work in a variety of roles and settings. You could become a researcher, conducting studies that shed light on important social issues and inform policy decisions. You could also become an educator, teaching students about the complexities of gender and helping them to develop critical thinking skills. Or, you could become an advocate, working to promote gender equity and social justice in your community and beyond. Some potential areas of specialization within Gender Studies include LGBTQ+ studies, feminist theory, and masculinity studies. Other related fields include sociology, anthropology, and psychology. To pursue a career in Gender Studies, you'll typically need at least a bachelor's degree in a related field, such as Women's Studies or Sociology. Some popular undergraduate programs and majors include Gender and Sexuality Studies, Women's and Gender Studies, and Social Justice and Equity Studies. Helpful personal attributes for a career in Gender Studies include empathy, critical thinking skills, and a commitment to social justice. You should also be comfortable working with people from diverse backgrounds and be able to communicate effectively with a wide range of audiences. Job prospects in the field of Gender Studies are promising, with opportunities available in both the public and private sectors. Some notable employers include the United Nations, non-profit organizations such as Planned Parenthood and the Human Rights Campaign, and government agencies such as the Department of Justice and the Department of Education. In the longer term, the outlook for Gender Studies professionals is positive, as more and more organizations recognize the importance of diversity, equity, and inclusion. So if you're passionate about social justice and want to make a difference in the world, consider a career in Gender Studies!

Are you tired of the toxic polarization in politics? A recent study from UC Berkeley found that simple bipartisan commitments to the old-fashioned ideals of American democracy may offer a way to ease this polarization and increase positive feelings among voters on all sides. The innovative research, released in the journal Nature Human Behaviour, found that both Republicans and Democrats expressed strong support for hallmark democratic practices, but support erodes when voters on one side believe their opponents are hostile to those values. If you want to learn more about how to increase people's willingness to adhere to democratic norms, check out the full article from UC Berkeley!

The concept of utopia and dystopia has been explored throughout history in literature and art. While utopias envision a perfect world, dystopias imagine a world where certain trends in contemporary society are taken to extremes, exposing their underlying flaws. Dystopian fiction is a cautionary tale that warns us about the idea that humanity can be molded into an ideal shape. By exploring dystopian literature, we can gain a better understanding of the world we live in and the challenges we face. It encourages us to question our assumptions about the future and to think critically about the society we want to build. By engaging with dystopian ideas, we can become more informed and active citizens, ready to shape a better future for ourselves and our communities.

In the world of risk and prediction, are you a hedgehog or a fox? The philosopher Isaiah Berlin wrote about the two animals, with the hedgehog knowing one big thing and the fox knowing many things. Political scientist Philip Tetlock found that foxes were better at predicting than hedgehogs, who were too confident in their forecasts. To be a good forecaster, one needs to be open to new knowledge, have insight into biases, and be willing to acknowledge uncertainty and change their minds. Rather than saying what will happen, good forecasters give probabilities for future events. So, are you willing to be a fox and adapt to changing circumstances, or will you be a hedgehog and stick to one overarching way of looking at the world? By being a fox, you can improve your ability to predict and make better decisions for the future.

Offering a small cash reward for accuracy can help people distinguish between truth and misinformation, according to a study from the University of Cambridge and New York University. The research suggests that social media's "perverse incentives" are a significant factor in the spread of fake news. The study involved four experiments with over 3,300 people from the US, with half offered up to $1 to identify true or false headlines. The incentive made people 31% better at discerning true from fake news. The study also found that incentives reduced partisan division over the truthfulness of news by around 30%.

Metaphors are all around us, shaping our beliefs, attitudes, and actions in ways we don't even realize. They make the world "sting and tingle," bringing color and meaning to everyday life. But not everyone is a fan. Philosopher Thomas Hobbes compared the use of metaphors to lying. However, many of us use metaphors to express anything abstract. They help us understand complex ideas like heartbreak and time. But metaphors also play a huge role in political framing and social issues. The words we choose affect how we perceive and deal with these issues, potentially affecting our laws, politics, and treatment of each other. So, knowledge of metaphors is power. By exploring and understanding metaphors, you can gain a deeper understanding of the world around you and potentially impact it positively.

In 1833, Lydia Maria Child shocked readers with her book "An Appeal in Favor of that Class of Americans Called Africans," denouncing slavery and exposing its power in US politics. Child, together with a small group of activists, were not just antislavery, but abolitionists, convinced that slavery should end immediately and without compensation to enslavers. Despite facing backlash and sexism, Child's activism inspired the formation of the Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society and the first national political gathering of Black and white women, leading to legal protection for Black Americans in Massachusetts.

Individualism is a double-edged sword that has shaped Western civilization, but also led to the decline of communities . The concept of personal autonomy became the central value of Western society, leading to the principles of one person one vote, civil liberties, and equal rights for all. However, this development has gone hand in hand with the decline of interdependence and solidarity. In other cultures, communal values have traditionally taken precedence, where who you are cannot be separated from the groups you belong to. The benefits of individualism are praised and celebrated when it allows you to be yourself while also being part of society and contributing to it. As a high school student, understanding the balance between individualism and community can help you navigate and understand the world around you, while also allowing you to develop your own identity and contribute positively to society.

Did you ever think that being rude or indulging in gossip might actually have hidden virtues? In "The Virtues of Our Vices," philosopher Emrys Westacott explores everyday ethical questions and offers surprising answers. He argues that tasteless humor can alleviate existential anxieties, gossip can foster intimacy between friends, and rudeness can sometimes be necessary to convey an important message. This engaging and funny book challenges us to rethink conventional wisdom when it comes to moral behavior. Recommended for anyone interested in exploring the complexities of everyday ethical behavior, "The Virtues of Our Vices" offers a fresh perspective on common vices such as rudeness, snobbery, and gossip. This book is particularly relevant for students of philosophy, psychology, sociology, and communication studies. It may also be of interest to professionals in fields such as counseling, journalism, or public relations, who deal with ethical dilemmas on a daily basis. Finally, anyone curious about the hidden virtues of our vices will find this book a thought-provoking and entertaining read.