As a high school student, you may feel like your dreams are out of reach, especially if you face challenges like dyslexia or come from a background where few people pursue higher education. But the stories of three black scientists can inspire you to believe in yourself and your potential to make a difference. Alan Powell Goffe, Dr. Asmeret Asefaw Berhe, and Kayisha Payne all overcame obstacles to become pioneers in their fields. Goffe's work on vaccines saved countless lives, Berhe's research on landmines could feed millions, and Payne's work on drug development is helping combat COVID-19. By reading about their accomplishments, you can learn about important scientific concepts and gain insight into how to pursue your own passions. Plus, you'll see that diversity in STEM is important and achievable. These scientists didn't just dream of a better future, they made it a reality. Who knows what you can achieve?

Blindness doesn't stop people from having interests, passions, and desires. In fact, losing one sense can lead to a sharpening of others, as blind people learn to rely on their hearing, touch, and other senses. They still care about their appearance, their love for shopping, and still have hobbies like makeup and beauty. Blind people can work and lead fulfilling lives, and they appreciate kindness and support from others. As a student, learning about different experiences and perspectives can broaden your understanding of the world and help you develop empathy and respect for others. Exploring academic topics related to disability and accessibility can also prepare you for a more inclusive and equitable future, whether you pursue a career in medicine, technology, or social justice.

Are you fascinated by the potential of brain implants to change people's lives? Then you must read this article from MIT Technology Review! It tells the story of Rita Leggett, an Australian woman whose experimental brain implant transformed her sense of agency and self. But when the company that made the device went bust, Leggett was forced to remove it, leaving her devastated. The article explores the ethical implications of removing a brain implant that has become part of a person, and whether this constitutes a breach of human rights. Don't miss this thought-provoking read!

Genetic sequencing has revolutionized healthcare but the genomic gap, where over 86% of data is from white Europeans, is exacerbating healthcare inequalities. Discover how this gap leads to adverse drug reactions and inaccurate genetic tests for ethnic minority groups. Explore the urgent need for reinvestment to narrow the gap and provide accurate genomic information for all.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented challenges for individuals, communities, and countries around the world. In response to the pandemic, the development of COVID-19 vaccines has been a remarkable achievement. However, the distribution and administration of the vaccines have been complicated by vaccine politics, which have emerged as a significant issue. Vaccine politics refers to the debates and divisions that have arisen concerning the distribution, accessibility, and administration of vaccines. There have been concerns about the vaccine's efficacy, safety, and the possibility of side effects. Moreover, there have been debates about who should receive the vaccine first, the role of government and private sectors in vaccine distribution, and the potential for vaccine passports. Despite the challenges, several academics have contributed significantly to the development of COVID-19 vaccines and addressing the vaccine politics issue. Dr. Anthony Fauci, the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), has been at the forefront of the US government's COVID-19 response. He has been an advocate for the use of vaccines and has provided expert advice and guidance on the vaccines' development, distribution, and administration. Similarly, Dr. Kizzmekia Corbett, a viral immunologist at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), played a significant role in developing the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. The COVID-19 vaccine politics have been further complicated by misinformation and conspiracy theories. Social media platforms have been awash with false information and myths concerning the vaccines, leading to vaccine hesitancy among some individuals. However, research has shown that the COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective in preventing severe illness and death. The COVID-19 vaccine politics have brought to the forefront the importance of vaccines in public health and the challenges of ensuring their equitable distribution. As high school students, exploring these academic topics will not only broaden your knowledge but also enable you to make informed decisions concerning their health and well-being!

Are you interested in genetics and how it impacts medicine? Scientists have released a new-and-improved edition of the human genome that better captures the diversity of human genetics and could make genetic research more helpful for a more diverse range of people. This exciting discovery is documented in a group of papers published in Nature and featured in Smithsonian Magazine.

NYU Wagner researchers are using a massive dataset to uncover how policies and social conditions affect the health of New Yorkers. The unique access they have to Medicaid-related information has allowed them to make groundbreaking findings, including the negative health impacts of living under La Guardia Airport's takeoff paths and the positive effects of universal pre-kindergarten programs on children's vision. Their work also sheds light on the health impacts of evictions and incarceration, and the potential benefits of paid sick leave policies. With "virtually limitless" potential, the Medicaid Data Initiative promises to offer important insights for policy makers and researchers alike.

Vaccines are likely the most important public health intervention of the last 100 years, having saved over a billion lives. They have led to a massive reduction in child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa and can even prevent cancer. A world without vaccines would be unimaginable, with outbreaks of disease regularly all over the world. Vaccines are the only public health intervention that can bring equality, as they protect not only oneself but also one's family and community. While anti-vaccination fears have been around for over a century, it's important to engage with people where they are and understand their context, concerns, and experiences with health and vaccines. Taking a vaccine is not just a personal choice, but a moral choice that affects other people. Vaccines are fundamental to the privileges we have in the modern world and make it a safe place for most of us to be.

The Panic Virus by Seth Mnookin is a gripping medical mystery that delves into the limits of rational thought. It explores the shocking allegation that the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine might cause autism, and how this myth has persisted despite a lack of evidence. Mnookin interviews parents, scientists, public-health advocates, and anti-vaccine activists to uncover the truth behind this devastating health scare. The book is a fascinating cautionary tale that sheds light on how conspiracy theories persist, and how our beliefs can have real-world consequences. Recommended for students interested in science, public health, and critical thinking, The Panic Virus is a must-read for anyone concerned about the impact of misinformation on our society. This book is particularly relevant for those pursuing careers in medicine, journalism, or advocacy, as it highlights the importance of evidence-based research and responsible reporting. It also has broader implications for anyone interested in understanding how beliefs are formed, and how they can shape our actions and policies. The Panic Virus is a powerful reminder of the need for rigorous inquiry and responsible communication in today's world.

Are you interested in understanding the human mind and helping people overcome their mental health struggles? A career in clinical psychology might be just what you're looking for! Clinical psychologists are trained professionals who work with individuals, families, and groups to diagnose and treat mental illnesses and emotional disorders. As a clinical psychologist, you'll have the opportunity to work in various settings, including hospitals, private practices, mental health clinics, and schools. You'll work with patients of all ages and backgrounds, helping them to overcome issues such as depression, anxiety, and addiction. One of the most appealing aspects of this field is the opportunity to make a real difference in people's lives. You'll help patients to develop coping mechanisms, build resilience, and improve their overall quality of life. It's a challenging but incredibly rewarding career that can provide a sense of purpose and fulfillment. Typical duties of a clinical psychologist include conducting assessments, developing treatment plans, providing therapy, and collaborating with other healthcare professionals. There are also many areas of specialization within this field, such as child psychology, forensic psychology, and neuropsychology. To become a clinical psychologist, you'll need to earn a doctoral degree in psychology, which typically takes around 5-7 years to complete. Popular undergraduate programs and majors that can prepare you for this career include psychology, social work, and sociology. Helpful personal attributes for this career include strong communication skills, empathy, and the ability to remain calm and objective in stressful situations. You'll also need to be comfortable with technology, as many clinical psychologists now use teletherapy to connect with patients remotely. Job prospects for clinical psychologists are strong, with a projected growth rate of 14% over the next decade. There are many potential employers in both the public and private sectors, including hospitals, mental health clinics, and government agencies. Some notable employers in this field include the National Institute of Mental Health, Kaiser Permanente, and the Mayo Clinic. Overall, a career in clinical psychology can be an incredibly rewarding and fulfilling path. If you're passionate about helping others and have a strong interest in the human mind, this might be the perfect career for you!

Frances Oldham Kelsey was a scientist who saved thousands of lives by rejecting an application to sell a drug called thalidomide. The drug was widely used in dozens of countries to treat insomnia, workplace stress, and nausea in pregnant women. However, Kelsey found the data on thalidomide's absorption and toxicity inadequate and rejected the application. Her earlier animal-based research demonstrated that drugs could pass from mother to fetus through the placenta, and she believed that thalidomide could cause harm to fetuses. Her decision to reject the application and ask for better evidence saved countless babies from severe birth defects caused by thalidomide. Kelsey's legacy endures as she prioritized facts over opinions and patience over shortcuts, making evidence-based medicine the foundation of reforms that continue to protect people today. By learning about Kelsey's story, students can understand the importance of evidence-based research and the impact of their decisions in science and medicine.

The world is still facing daily COVID-19 infections and the threat of virus mutation, but it's not too late to change the game. A pandemic vaccine alliance, similar to NATO, could be the solution to overcome the "free-rider problem" in global health efforts and ensure the world's biological security.

Are you passionate about holistic health and wellness? Do you want to help people heal naturally and live their best life? If so, a career as a Homeopathic Practitioner might be the perfect fit for you. As a Homeopathic Practitioner, you will work with patients to identify and treat the root causes of their health issues. Homeopathy is a natural form of medicine that uses highly diluted substances to stimulate the body's natural healing processes. It is a safe and effective alternative to traditional medicine, with a focus on treating the whole person, not just their symptoms. In this field, you will have the opportunity to work with a wide range of patients, from children to seniors. You will help them manage chronic conditions, recover from injuries, and maintain optimal health. You may also specialize in certain areas, such as women's health or sports medicine. To become a Homeopathic Practitioner, you will need to complete a rigorous education and training program. This typically includes a Bachelor's degree in a related field, such as biology or nutrition, followed by a specialized program in Homeopathy. There are many excellent undergraduate programs and majors available, such as the Bachelor of Science in Homeopathy at the University of Bridgeport in Connecticut. In addition to a strong academic background, successful Homeopathic Practitioners possess a number of helpful personal attributes. These include excellent communication skills, a compassionate and caring nature, and a deep commitment to helping others. The job prospects for Homeopathic Practitioners are very promising. There is a growing demand for natural and alternative forms of medicine, and many public and private sector employers are seeking qualified practitioners. Some notable employers in this field include the National Center for Homeopathy, the American Institute of Homeopathy, and the Homeopathy Association of Canada. So if you are looking for a fulfilling and rewarding career in holistic health and wellness, consider becoming a Homeopathic Practitioner. With your passion and dedication, you can help people live healthier, happier lives.

Have you ever wondered what it takes to be a heart doctor? Well, look no further because we've got the inside scoop on the exciting and rewarding field of cardiology! As a cardiologist, you'll be responsible for diagnosing and treating heart conditions, helping patients live longer, healthier lives. From heart attacks to arrhythmias, you'll have the knowledge and skills to provide life-saving care to those in need. But being a cardiologist isn't just about saving lives, it's also about preventing heart disease. You'll work with patients to develop healthy habits and manage risk factors, like high blood pressure and high cholesterol. And the best part? The field of cardiology is constantly evolving, with new treatments and technologies being developed all the time. You'll have the opportunity to stay at the forefront of medical advancements and make a real difference in the lives of your patients. Typical duties of a cardiologist include performing diagnostic tests, like electrocardiograms and echocardiograms, prescribing medication and lifestyle changes, and performing procedures like angioplasty and stenting. There are also many areas of specialisation within the field, such as electrophysiology and interventional cardiology. To become a cardiologist, you'll need to complete extensive education and training. This typically includes a bachelor's degree in a relevant field, such as biology or chemistry, followed by medical school and a residency in internal medicine. After that, you'll complete a fellowship in cardiology, where you'll gain specialised knowledge and skills. Helpful personal attributes for a career in cardiology include strong communication skills, attention to detail, and a passion for helping others. You'll also need to be able to work well under pressure and make quick decisions in life-or-death situations. Job prospects for cardiologists are excellent, with a growing demand for heart specialists around the world. Some notable potential employers include the Mayo Clinic, Cleveland Clinic, and Johns Hopkins Hospital, among many others. So, if you're looking for a challenging and rewarding career that allows you to make a real difference in the lives of others, consider becoming a cardiologist. Your heart (and your patients' hearts) will thank you!

Do you have a passion for helping others and a fascination with the human eye? If so, a career in optometry could be the perfect fit for you! Optometrists are healthcare professionals who specialize in diagnosing and treating vision problems and eye diseases. They play a vital role in helping people maintain healthy eyes and clear vision. As an optometrist, you'll have the opportunity to work with patients of all ages, from children to seniors. You'll use state-of-the-art technology to examine patients' eyes and diagnose problems such as nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. You'll also be able to detect and treat eye diseases such as glaucoma, cataracts, and macular degeneration. One of the most appealing aspects of a career in optometry is the ability to make a real difference in people's lives. Imagine helping a child see clearly for the first time or saving someone's vision by detecting a serious eye disease early on. Optometrists have the power to improve their patients' quality of life in meaningful ways. In addition to traditional optometry, there are many areas of specialization within the field. Some optometrists choose to focus on pediatric optometry, working with children to ensure they have healthy eyes and clear vision. Others specialize in contact lenses, helping patients find the perfect lenses to fit their unique needs. And still others focus on low vision, working with patients who have severe visual impairments to help them navigate the world around them. To become an optometrist, you'll need to complete a Doctor of Optometry (OD) degree from an accredited optometry school. Popular undergraduate majors for aspiring optometrists include biology, chemistry, and physics. In addition to completing a rigorous academic program, you'll also need to pass a national board exam to become licensed to practice. Helpful personal attributes for a career in optometry include strong communication skills, attention to detail, and a passion for helping others. You'll also need to be comfortable using technology and working with a wide range of patients. Job prospects for optometrists are strong, with a projected growth rate of 10% over the next decade. Optometrists can work in a variety of settings, from private practices to hospitals to retail stores. Some notable employers in the field include LensCrafters, Kaiser Permanente, and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. So if you're looking for a career that combines cutting-edge technology, meaningful patient interactions, and the opportunity to make a real difference in people's lives, consider a career in optometry!

Performance enhancement is a topic that captures the attention of many athletes, fitness enthusiasts, and even those seeking to improve their cognitive abilities. It involves the use of substances like steroids, supplements, and other performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) to improve athletic or cognitive performance. However, the use of these substances is often a source of controversy and has raised ethical, medical, and legal concerns. According to a study conducted by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, more than 3 million people in the US have used anabolic steroids, which are a type of PED, at some point in their lives. The use of these substances is not only widespread in professional sports but also in high school and college sports. This has led to the implementation of anti-doping policies and testing in sports to prevent unfair advantages. In addition to steroids, there are various other supplements and substances that athletes and fitness enthusiasts use to enhance their performance. These include caffeine, creatine, beta-alanine, and nitric oxide supplements. While some of these supplements are legal and safe, others can be harmful and cause adverse health effects. One of the most significant risks associated with performance enhancement is the potential for long-term health consequences. For example, steroid use can lead to liver damage, high blood pressure, and an increased risk of heart attacks and strokes. Additionally, the use of PEDs can cause psychological side effects, such as mood swings and aggression. The ethical and legal implications of performance enhancement are also of concern. The use of PEDs is considered cheating in sports and can lead to disqualification, suspension, and other penalties. In some cases, the use of PEDs can also result in legal consequences, such as fines and imprisonment. To gain a better understanding of the topic, it's essential to explore the academic terms and concepts associated with performance enhancement. This includes understanding the differences between anabolic steroids and other types of PEDs, such as stimulants and hormone treatments. It also involves exploring the concept of "doping" and its impact on sports, as well as the ethical and legal implications of performance enhancement. Leading academics in the field include Dr. Harrison G. Pope, Jr., a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School who has conducted extensive research on the psychological and physical effects of steroids. Another prominent academic in the field is Dr. Charles E. Yesalis, a professor of health policy and administration at Penn State University who has studied the use of PEDs in sports for over three decades. By exploring academic topics related to performance enhancement, high school students can gain a deeper understanding of this complex and controversial issue. They can also develop critical thinking skills and learn how to conduct research and present their findings in a clear and concise manner.

Stanford University researchers, in collaboration with other institutions, have developed a molecule that prevents the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus from twisting and infecting cells, including those with new variants. This new type of antiviral therapeutic, called the longHR2\_42 inhibitor, may be delivered via inhaler to treat early infections and prevent severe illness. The team's detailed understanding of the twisted structure of the virus's spike protein allowed them to create a longer molecule that is more effective than previous attempts to block the virus. Their groundbreaking research may lead to a promising solution to combat COVID-19.

Are you someone who loves helping people and has a passion for medicine? If so, a career as a family physician could be the perfect fit for you! As a family physician, you will be responsible for providing primary care to patients of all ages, from newborns to the elderly. You will work with patients to diagnose and treat a wide range of illnesses and injuries, as well as provide preventative care through regular check-ups and screenings. One of the most appealing aspects of this career is the opportunity to build long-lasting relationships with your patients. You will get to know them and their families, and be a trusted source of guidance and support throughout their lives. In terms of duties, family physicians have a wide range of responsibilities. Some may choose to specialize in areas such as sports medicine or geriatrics, while others may work in hospital settings or in private practices. No matter where you work, you will be an essential part of the healthcare team, working closely with other medical professionals to provide the best possible care to your patients. To become a family physician, you will need to complete a Bachelor's degree in a related field such as biology or chemistry, followed by four years of medical school. After that, you will need to complete a residency program in family medicine, which typically takes three years. In addition to education and training, there are certain personal attributes that can be helpful in this career. These include strong communication skills, empathy, and a desire to help others. The job prospects for family physicians are excellent, with a high demand for healthcare professionals in this field. There are many potential employers to choose from, including private practices, hospitals, and government agencies. Some notable employers include Kaiser Permanente, Mayo Clinic, and the National Health Service in the United Kingdom. In conclusion, a career as a family physician is a rewarding and fulfilling path for those who have a passion for medicine and a desire to help others. With a strong educational background, the right personal attributes, and a commitment to providing the best possible care to your patients, you can make a real difference in the lives of countless people around the world.

Could the use of steroids in the military be ethical? Despite being banned, steroids are commonly used to enhance physical performance by soldiers. While there are concerns about the health and behavioral impacts, researchers argue that the use of steroids may be necessary to create "super soldiers" in a highly competitive and demanding environment. But is it worth the risks? Explore the controversial topic and weigh the ethical implications of using performance-enhancing drugs in the armed forces.

Florence Nightingale, known as the "lady with the lamp" for her work as a nurse during the Crimean War, was also a trained statistician who believed that statistics were "God's work." She used her knowledge of statistics to revolutionize the way hospitals were run by collecting data and showing that changes in diet and sanitation could bring the death rate down. Florence's work laid the groundwork for things we now take for granted, like being able to compare hospitals' performance and the fact that hospitals are clean. By following evidence instead of gut instinct, prejudice, or tradition, Florence showed what could be achieved. She turned data into pictures, making it impossible for MPs and civil servants to ignore. Florence would love the way big data makes all this possible but would hate some of the ways that data are abused. By learning about statistics and data, students can follow in Florence's footsteps to make the world a better place and shine a little more light on us all.