As students, we're constantly learning about the world around us. But have you ever stopped to consider the existential risks facing humanity? With the invention of the atomic bomb, we gained the power to destroy ourselves for the first time in history. Since then, our existential risk has steadily increased, from the possibility of a global nuclear war to climate change and emerging technologies like engineered pandemics and unaligned AI. While the odds of these risks may seem daunting, it's important to remember that most of the risk is from human action, and it's within human control. By treating safeguarding humanity's future as the defining issue of our time, we can reduce this risk. As students, we have the power to learn about these risks and take action to make a difference. By exploring these topics through reading, reflection, writing, and self-directed projects, we can become informed and empowered to make a positive impact on our future.

Have you ever wondered about the rocks and minerals that make up the earth's crust, or how mountains are formed? If so, a career in geology might be the perfect fit for you! Geology is the study of the Earth, its processes, and its materials. Geologists explore, analyze, and interpret the Earth's physical and chemical properties, from its deep interior to its surface, including the oceans and the atmosphere. A geologist's work can take them to some of the most exciting and remote places on the planet, such as volcanic islands, deserts, and mountain ranges. They study the Earth's natural resources and hazards, help locate and extract valuable minerals and energy resources, and investigate the effects of human activities on the environment. Geologists have many opportunities for specialization, including mineralogy, volcanology, paleontology, geophysics, hydrogeology, and environmental geology, to name a few. They can work in a wide range of industries and organizations, such as mining, oil and gas exploration, environmental consulting, government agencies, academia, and research institutions. To become a geologist, you will typically need at least a bachelor's degree in geology or a related field, such as earth science, geophysics, or environmental science. Some popular undergraduate programs in geology include those offered by the University of California, Berkeley, the University of Colorado Boulder, and the University of Michigan. Helpful personal attributes for success in this field include a strong curiosity about the natural world, excellent analytical and problem-solving skills, attention to detail, and the ability to work well as part of a team. The job prospects for geologists are good, with a projected annual job growth rate of 5% between 2020 and 2030, according to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics. Geologists can find employment in a wide range of public and private sector organizations, including the US Geological Survey, ExxonMobil, the National Park Service, the United Nations, and many more.

Are cultural stereotypes in AI depictions on screen creating a self-fulfilling prophecy for the lack of women in the AI industry? A study by researchers at the University of Cambridge argues that the underrepresentation of women in AI professions on screen is impacting the recruitment and career aspirations of women in this field. The study found that films predominantly depict AI scientists and engineers as men, which reinforces the gender bias in the real-world AI industry. The study emphasizes the need to address the gender inequality in the AI industry to prevent AI products from discriminating against women. 

MethaneSAT, a unique collaboration between scientists, environmental activists, private space industry and philanthropic organizations, could prove to be a game changer in the climate change battle. More precise than other methane-sensing satellites, MethaneSAT will allow scientists to track emissions to their sources and provide key data for reduction efforts. It has the potential to provide a decades-long bridge, slowing the near-term rate of warming and reducing the damage as the world transitions to low-carbon energy sources. MethaneSAT is scheduled to launch early next year, with Steven Wofsy as its principal investigator.

Shine a laser on a drop of blood or wastewater and identify bacteria present in minutes. Stanford researchers have developed a new test that uses an innovative method, combining inkjet printing, nanoparticles, and artificial intelligence to reveal unique optical fingerprints of bacteria, leading to faster and more accurate microbial assays. The breakthrough promises better diagnoses of infection, improved use of antibiotics, safer foods, enhanced environmental monitoring, and faster drug development.

Scientists from the University of Cambridge have developed an algorithm that uses low-cost LiDAR sensors in smartphones to accurately measure tree diameter almost five times faster than traditional methods. The algorithm could revolutionize forest measurement and carbon sequestration monitoring. The app is designed to deal with natural irregularities and low-hanging branches, making it useful for non-managed forests. The researchers plan to make their app publicly available for Android phones later this spring.

Lightning is a fascinating natural phenomenon that has puzzled scientists for over 260 years. While the basics of lightning formation are known, scientists still don't fully understand how it forms. Lightning is like a zap of static electricity but on a much larger scale. It occurs when positive and negative charges build up in storm clouds, and a spark jumps between these areas. Learning about the science behind lightning formation can be intellectually stimulating and practically useful, as it can help us understand and prepare for thunderstorms. While there are still many unanswered questions, exploring this topic through reading and self-directed projects can be an exciting endeavor for high school students curious about the world around them.

Mining has been a crucial part of human civilization for centuries, providing us with the resources we need to build, create and thrive. But with this extraction comes consequences, particularly in the form of mine tailings. Mine tailings are the waste materials left over after the ore has been extracted, and they can have significant impacts on the environment, particularly with regards to climate change. To understand the impact of mine tailings, it's important to first understand the science behind mining. When ore is extracted, the minerals are separated from the rest of the material, leaving behind a mixture of minerals, water, and other substances. This mixture is called tailings, and it can contain harmful chemicals, such as heavy metals, that can leach into the environment. Leading academics in the field, such as Dr. Sara Colombo and Dr. Jian Kang, have studied the environmental impact of mine tailings and have found that they can lead to soil and water pollution, as well as contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. For example, Dr. Colombo's research has shown that tailings dams can release large amounts of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere. These impacts are a concern for many communities, as well as for the planet as a whole. But despite this, there is hope for a more sustainable future. Researchers like Dr. Jian Kang are working to develop new technologies that can reduce the environmental impact of mine tailings, such as using them as a source of energy instead of just waste.

New research shows that the cost of annual flooding in the UK could increase by up to 23% over the next century due to climate change, unless all international pledges to reduce carbon emissions are met. The study, led by the University of Bristol and Fathom, highlights the need for urgent action to mitigate the impact of climate change on the risk of flooding across the UK. The research also identifies the areas of the UK where risks will increase the most, including densely populated cities such as London, Cardiff, Manchester, Glasgow, and Edinburgh.

Discover how machine learning is revolutionizing the study of bird migration and conservation, using decades of data from weather radars to predict bird movements and produce migration forecasts across the US. Learn how researchers are training algorithms to identify bird activity and even detect species-specific calls to enhance our understanding of migratory patterns. Explore the intersection of ornithology and machine learning and how it is changing the way we engage with birds.

Geology is a fascinating field of study that explores the Earth's physical structure, history, and natural resources. It is a science that encompasses a wide range of disciplines, including mineralogy, paleontology, seismology, and geochemistry. Geology is a field that offers endless possibilities for exploration and discovery, and it is a great choice for anyone who is curious about the natural world. One of the most exciting aspects of geology is the opportunity to uncover the secrets of the Earth's history. Geologists study rocks, fossils, and other geological features to piece together the story of the planet's formation and evolution. They also investigate natural hazards, such as earthquakes and volcanoes, and work to mitigate their impact on human populations. Geology is a constantly evolving field, with new research and innovations emerging all the time. Some of the most inspiring academic discourse in geology today centers around topics like climate change, sustainable resource management, and the search for extraterrestrial life. Geologists are at the forefront of these discussions, working to find solutions to some of the world's most pressing problems. At the undergraduate level, geology majors typically take courses in topics like mineralogy, petrology, and structural geology. They also have the opportunity to specialize in areas like environmental geology, hydrology, or geological engineering. Geology majors may go on to work in a variety of fields, including oil and gas exploration, environmental consulting, or scientific research. Geology is an excellent choice for anyone who is interested in the natural world and has a passion for exploration and discovery. To succeed in this field, it is helpful to have strong analytical skills, attention to detail, and a willingness to work in the field. Some of the most successful geologists also have a background in mathematics or physics, as these disciplines are closely related to the study of the Earth. If you're interested in pursuing a career in geology, there are many exciting opportunities available. Some of the most notable employers in the field include the United States Geological Survey, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and major oil and gas companies like ExxonMobil and BP. Whether you're interested in working in industry or academia, geology is a field that offers endless possibilities for growth and exploration.

The Sun's magnetic fields may seem distant and unimportant to our daily lives, but they actually have a huge impact on Earth. Understanding the science behind solar flares and coronal mass ejections can not only satisfy your curiosity about the world around you, but also help you prepare for potential disruptions to power and communication. Even better, studying these concepts can lead to the awe-inspiring experience of witnessing the stunning auroras, a natural phenomenon caused by the interaction of charged particles with Earth's magnetic field. Don't miss out on the chance to explore these fascinating topics and discover the wonders of our universe.

Coffee capsules - environmentally unfriendly or misunderstood? A study by the University of Quebec debunks the notion that coffee pods are wasteful and highlights their potential as a more sustainable way to enjoy your daily cup of joe.

Are you someone who thrives in high-pressure situations and takes pride in helping others during times of crisis? If so, a career in Disaster Response Planning may be the perfect fit for you. Disaster Response Planning is a field dedicated to preparing communities and organizations for natural disasters, accidents, and other emergency situations. This field is critical in ensuring that people and property are protected during times of crisis, and it requires individuals who are quick-thinking, organized, and passionate about making a difference. As a Disaster Response Planner, you'll work to create plans and strategies for emergency situations that may arise. You'll work with government agencies, non-profit organizations, and private companies to develop plans that are tailored to the specific needs of each community or organization. You'll also work to educate the public about emergency preparedness, and you'll coordinate with first responders and other emergency personnel to ensure that everyone is on the same page when a disaster strikes. In addition to developing emergency plans, Disaster Response Planners may also specialize in areas such as risk assessment, hazard mitigation, or crisis management. They may work in a variety of settings, including local government offices, non-profit organizations, or private consulting firms. To become a Disaster Response Planner, you'll typically need at least a bachelor's degree in a related field such as emergency management, public administration, or environmental science. Some popular undergraduate programs and majors include Emergency Management, Homeland Security, and Disaster Science. Helpful personal attributes for this field include strong communication skills, the ability to work well under pressure, and a passion for helping others. You'll also need to be comfortable with technology, as many Disaster Response Planning tools and strategies rely on advanced software and data analysis. Job prospects for Disaster Response Planners are strong, as there is a growing need for professionals who can help communities and organizations prepare for emergencies. Some notable employers in this field include the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the American Red Cross, and private consulting firms such as Tetra Tech and Dewberry. In the long term, Disaster Response Planning is a field that will continue to be in high demand. As climate change and other factors contribute to an increase in natural disasters and emergencies, the need for skilled professionals who can help communities and organizations prepare will only continue to grow. So if you're looking for a career that combines your passion for helping others with your love of problem-solving and strategic planning, Disaster Response Planning may be the perfect fit for you.

Imagine a world where decisions are made based on impartial facts and data, where climate change is a more pressing issue than the results of the latest focus group, and where global leaders don't risk instigating World War Three by ranting on Twitter at 02:00AM. This is the world that scientists believe could be possible with the help of artificial intelligence (AI). AI is already being used to assist in deciding who gets grants or benefits, in healthcare and policing, but it is far more likely that it will continue to be used as an aid in decision making, with humans having ultimate power. Learning about AI can help you understand how it can be used to make the world a better place, but also how it can perpetuate discriminatory patterns. While machines might be able to make incredibly complex calculations, they have no objective concept of right and wrong, and are no more equipped than human beings to make big ethical calls. How we use AI to govern is down to human beings themselves.

Researchers have powered a microprocessor for a year using blue-green algae and ambient light! This system, comparable in size to an AA battery, has the potential to be a reliable and renewable way to power small devices. The growing Internet of Things needs power, and this system generates energy instead of simply storing it like batteries. The algae system is made of common and recyclable materials, making it easily replicable.

Scientists repurpose weather forecasting techniques to create a personalized assessment of an individual's risk of exposure to COVID-19 or other viruses. This technique has the potential to combat the spread of disease more effectively and less intrusively than blanket lockdowns. The study presents a proof of concept for a smartphone app that would provide a frequently updated numerical assessment of an individual's likelihood of exposure or infection with a particular infectious disease agent. The app would be more sophisticated and effective in its use of data, providing a nuanced understanding of continually changing risks of exposure and infection.

Traditional diamond mining is a billion-dollar industry with significant environmental impact, releasing large amounts of carbon emissions and causing damage to local ecosystems worldwide. However, carbon-negative diamonds are produced through a process that actually captures carbon emissions from the atmosphere, making them a much more sustainable alternative for the jewellery industry.  Aether Diamonds, a major player in this industry, uses direct-capture technology for diamond production in a two-step process. First, a reactor is used to extract the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, while this raw carbon material is placed in another reactor that kickstarts the diamond-growing process. The resulting diamonds are visually indistinguishable from traditionally-mined diamonds and have the same physical and chemical properties, but have been produced with a much lower carbon footprint.  This ingenious solution reimagines existing carbon-capture services, where firms are paid by various multinational corporations to capture their carbon emissions, by recycling this extracted carbon dioxide for an inventive purpose. By eliminating 20 tons of carbon dioxide for every 1-carat diamond produced, each diamond can actively contribute to carbon emission reduction efforts.  Beyond the jewelry industry, researchers have used a similar process to produce important industrial materials from carbon. Dr. Stuart Licht, a chemistry professor at George Washington University, is a leading academic in this field of renewable technology. His patented technology, the Solar Thermal Electrochemical Photo (STEP) energy conversion, captures carbon dioxide using renewable solar energy to create carbon nanofibers. This material provides a lighter and stronger alternative to metals like steel, and is used in luxury sports cars, aeroplanes like the Boeing Dreamliner, and high-end athletic equipment. These creative uses of carbon-capture technology offer a promising future, especially with carbon-negative diamonds for the sustainable fashion industry. Beyond that, these diamonds also offer a more ethical alternative — sustainable diamond production avoids the international human rights abuses and violence that traditional diamond mining has been linked to.  All in all, carbon-negative diamonds have the potential to revolutionize the sustainable fashion industry and beyond, and are a fascinating scientific innovation with many exciting future implications.

Have you ever wondered what it would be like to predict the weather? To be the one who knows when to pack an umbrella or when to wear sunscreen? If so, a career in meteorology might be perfect for you! Meteorology is the study of the atmosphere and the weather that occurs within it. This field is fascinating and ever-changing, with new discoveries and advancements being made all the time. Meteorologists use science and technology to analyze data and make predictions about weather patterns, climate change, and severe weather events. As a meteorologist, you'll have the opportunity to work in a variety of different areas. Some meteorologists specialize in forecasting weather for television or radio stations, while others work for government agencies, such as the National Weather Service. You could also work for private companies that require weather predictions, such as airlines or energy companies. To become a meteorologist, you'll typically need a bachelor's degree in meteorology, atmospheric science, or a related field. Popular undergraduate programs include Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Science, and Physics. It's also important to have a strong background in math and computer science. Helpful personal attributes for a career in meteorology include strong analytical skills, attention to detail, and the ability to work well under pressure. You'll need to be able to communicate complex information in a clear and concise manner, as well as work as part of a team. Job prospects for meteorologists are strong, with opportunities available in both the public and private sectors around the world. Notable employers include the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), and the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. In conclusion, a career in meteorology is exciting, challenging, and rewarding. With a passion for science and a desire to make a difference, you could be the next meteorologist to predict the next big weather event. So, if you're interested in the weather and want to make a difference in the world, consider a career in meteorology!

Have you ever wondered what messages we're sending out into space? Scientists have been sending out radio and television signals for about 100 years, and by now they would have reached hundreds of stars and planets. But some scientists think we should be more cautious about what we're sharing with the galaxy. However, even if we stop sending messages, our Earth's biosphere is a planet-sized message to any aliens out there that care to listen. The Earth's atmosphere tells the story of who lives on this planet and what we do with it. MIT scientists are developing tools to decipher potential alien biospheres and to listen in to alien messages. Learning about biospheres and the tools to decipher them can help us understand the secrets of other planets and civilizations. Who knows, maybe one day we'll even receive an alien version of The Simpsons!