Pollinators, such as bees and butterflies, are essential to our planet's biodiversity. They facilitate the reproduction of flowering plants, which in turn support other wildlife and contribute to the overall health of ecosystems. Sadly, pollinators face numerous threats, including habitat loss, pesticides, and climate change. In this write-up, we'll explore the vital role of pollinators in biodiversity conservation, as well as the challenges they face. First, let's define biodiversity. It refers to the variety of life on Earth, including different species, ecosystems, and genetic diversity within species. Pollinators play a crucial role in maintaining this diversity by helping plants reproduce. Over 75% of the world's food crops depend on pollinators, and they also support the growth of wildflowers and other plants that provide habitat for other animals. But pollinators are in trouble. According to the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), over 16% of vertebrate pollinators, such as birds and bats, are threatened with extinction. In addition, around 40% of invertebrate pollinator species, such as bees and butterflies, are facing the same fate. One leading academic in this field is Dr. Dave Goulson, a professor of biology at the University of Sussex. He has conducted extensive research on the importance of pollinators and the threats they face. In his book, "The Garden Jungle," he emphasizes the role of urban gardens in supporting pollinators and other wildlife. Another academic, Dr. Rachael Winfree from Rutgers University, has studied the impact of habitat fragmentation on pollinator communities. Her research shows that smaller patches of habitat can still support pollinators, but it's crucial to have a diversity of plants and habitats available. So, what can we do to help pollinators? There are many actions we can take, from planting pollinator-friendly gardens to reducing pesticide use. We can also support organizations that work to protect pollinators, such as the Xerces Society and the Pollinator Partnership. In conclusion, pollinators play a vital role in maintaining biodiversity, but they face numerous threats. By learning more about pollinators and taking action to protect them, we can help to ensure a healthy and diverse planet for future generations.

Are fast-lived species taking over the world? Recent research published in Global Change Biology found that fast-lived animals are increasing in numbers while slow-lived animals are in decline, especially in areas of rapid cropland or bare soil expansion. The study raises important questions about how human actions are rewiring natural ecosystems and the far-reaching effects on the natural world.

For over a century, dolphins and fishers in Laguna, Brazil have cooperated to catch fish. A new study reveals the mechanics of their partnership, showing how they synchronize their behavior to catch more fish. But this unique fishing practice is facing extinction due to declining fish populations and waning interest from future generations. The study highlights the rarity of interspecies cooperation and the benefits it brings to both humans and wildlife.

The invasion of purple sea urchins has devastated kelp forests along the coasts of California, Japan, Norway, Canada, and Tasmania, leaving behind barren underwater landscapes that can last for decades. However, a Norwegian company called Urchinomics has a plan to restore kelp forests and create a new fishery for overpopulated urchins through "urchin ranching." Urchin ranching could potentially create a local speciality dining market for purple urchin uni, but it will take an aggressive and thorough approach to remove enough urchins to restore kelp forests.

Maria Sibylla Merian was a naturalist and illustrator who defied convention and made significant contributions to the study of entomology, the study of insects. She was one of the first to describe the metamorphosis of insects in detail and portrayed insects surrounded by the plants they relied on, revealing their relationship to the wider ecosystem. Merian's groundbreaking work, 'The Metamorphosis of the Insects of Suriname', published in 1705, documented many species in Suriname's jungle, and its stunning illustrations depicted stages of development of Suriname's veracious caterpillars and vibrant butterflies. Merian's legacy has endured, and her work on the biodiversity of Suriname is still valued by scientists and could show us how some species may adapt to climate change. Learning about Merian's work can inspire students to explore and appreciate the natural world, understand the importance of biodiversity, and encourage them to pursue their passions despite challenges and societal expectations.

Citizen scientists in Denmark have discovered the oldest scientifically-confirmed European hedgehog, living for 16 years, 7 years longer than the previous record holder. However, the average age of hedgehogs was only around two years, with many dying before their first birthday due to road accidents. Interestingly, male hedgehogs lived longer than females, despite being more likely to be killed in traffic. The research also investigated the impact of inbreeding on hedgehog lifespan, with surprising results. Discover the secrets of hedgehog longevity and conservation efforts in this fascinating study.

Climate change is putting numerous European seabirds at risk. A new conservation guide, led by ZSL and University of Cambridge, offers hope for the future of these important marine birds by assessing their specific needs and actions needed for preservation. Don't let iconic species like the Atlantic puffin disappear from our shores!

Stanford-led research finds that the world's largest animals, rorqual whales, owe their size to feeding on tiny creatures in the sea. However, their survival requires a minimum body size, which could put them at risk of extinction due to rapid environmental change. By examining the smallest living species in this group, the authors found that individuals need to grow to at least 4.5 meters to eat enough food to survive. The study sheds light on how climate change might affect krill populations and put certain whale species at risk of extinction.

Soil is one of the most underrated and little-understood wonders of our planet, yet it is crucial to our survival. In just one teaspoon of soil, there are more microorganisms than there are people on Earth. These microorganisms produce antibiotic compounds that form the basis of many of the antibiotics used by humans. Soil is also home to earthworms and intricate webs of fungal threads that create space for plant roots to grow and keep soil alive. Soil provides us with almost everything we eat, and it is a valuable carbon store, capturing and locking away carbon deep underground. However, soil is under threat from intensive farming and other human activities. It takes more than 100 years to build just 5 millimetres of soil, but just moments to destroy it. It's important to value, appreciate, and protect soil for many reasons, including regulating our atmosphere, reducing flooding, and providing a biodiverse habitat. Learning more about soil can help us understand the interconnected ecosystem we're all part of and inspire us to protect this vital resource for future generations.

Ecuador's high court recently issued a landmark ruling that recognizes the legal rights of wild animals to exist and be free from cruelty, fear, and distress. The ruling was based on the country's "rights of nature" laws and was applied to a case involving a woolly monkey named Estrellita. The court found that the monkey's rights were violated when she was removed from her natural environment and placed in a private residence and later in a zoo. The ruling marks the first application of the "rights of nature" to a wild animal, and the decision has implications for other countries and their approach to animal welfare.

Did you know that whales have their own dialects and build communities just like humans do? By studying whale culture, we can learn a lot about ourselves and about our communities. Whales pass down information through their songs, just as humans share information through stories. Interestingly, whales can even remix their songs when they hear a new hit from a different group of whales. But it's not all serious learning - whales also know how to have fun and enjoy life. By exploring academic topics like whale culture, you can expand your knowledge and gain a deeper understanding of the world around you. Plus, it's just plain interesting! So why not dive in and explore new academic topics that inspire you? You never know what you might discover.

In just 70 years, the UK's landscape has undergone drastic changes, with non-native species thriving and native plants dwindling due to modern agriculture and climate change. The Plant Atlas 2020, produced by the Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland, reveals the catastrophic loss of grasslands, heathlands, and other habitats that would shock those brought up in the 1950s. The survey also highlights the impact of climate change on plant life and calls for stronger laws and sustainable land management to protect flora. Sir David Attenborough presents a new BBC documentary, Wild Isles, on the subject.

Billions of animals are raised and slaughtered in factory farms every year, in conditions likely to cause extreme suffering. Many experts believe animals have conscious experiences and can experience pain. We tend to value the suffering of humans more than animals, which could be a form of "speciesism". There are things we can do to help solve this problem, including persuading people to change their diets, lobbying for better welfare standards for animals, and developing alternatives to animal products. Cost-effectiveness analyses suggest there are opportunities to have large-scale positive impacts on animal welfare, with corporate campaigns seeming particularly promising.

Discover the origin of Australia's devastating 'rabbit plague' with new genetic proof! An international team of researchers has finally settled the debate about whether the invasion arose from one source or multiple introductions, tracing the ancestry of Australia's invasive rabbit population back to the South-West of England. Join the journey to uncover the mystery of how a single batch of English rabbits triggered this biological invasion.

Imagine a world without humans - what would happen next? This thought experiment highlights the interconnectedness of our world and the impact humans have on it. Without our intervention, nature would take over and endangered species would have a chance to thrive. However, the world would never forget us as we would leave our mark. Learning about the environment and the impact humans have on it is not only intellectually stimulating, but it also has practical benefits. By understanding our impact on the planet, we can make informed decisions and take action to ensure a sustainable future. So, let's explore and discover the fascinating world of environmental science and make a positive impact on the world we live in.

Microplastics are everywhere, including in the food we eat. New research on seabirds suggests that plastic pollution affects gut microbiomes, potentially harming animals and humans. The study reveals the wide spectrum of adverse effects that we get from plastic pollution, from toxicity to physical injury and now, microbiome disruption. Learn more about the impact of plastic pollution on animals and humans in this eye-opening study.

Did you know that approximately 40% of the global fish catch is discarded as bycatch, unintentionally caught fish that are not the target of the fishing operation? This means that a significant amount of fish, which could be used for food and other purposes, is being wasted. Fortunately, researchers and industry leaders are coming up with innovative solutions to turn bycatch into valuable resources. Bycatch can be transformed into fish meal, used as fertilizer, or even turned into high-end seafood products. One of the leading experts in this field is Dr. Daniel Pauly, a fisheries scientist and professor at the University of British Columbia. Dr. Pauly is known for his work on developing methods to estimate global fish catches, and he has also been a vocal advocate for reducing bycatch and promoting sustainable fishing practices. Another academic making significant contributions in this area is Dr. Karin Limburg, a fisheries biologist and professor at the SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry. Dr. Limburg has researched the use of bycatch for fertilizer and has found that it can be a valuable source of nutrients for crops. In addition to these experts, industry leaders such as FishWise, a nonprofit seafood sustainability consultancy, are also working to reduce bycatch and promote sustainable fishing practices. They work with major seafood retailers and distributors to improve the sustainability of the seafood supply chain. By exploring this topic further, you can develop a deeper understanding of the complex issues facing our oceans and contribute to finding innovative solutions for a more sustainable future.

Your favorite chocolate, moisturizer, and tea may contain ingredients from threatened plants, leading to environmental damage and worker exploitation. A recent report highlights 12 such plants, including Brazil nuts and frankincense, and warns of overharvesting, child labor, and violations of worker's rights. As the demand for natural products grows, it's important to consider the sustainability of their ingredients. Learn more about the risks and challenges of sourcing plant derivatives in household products.

A new study reveals that coral reefs have declined by 50% since the 1950s due to climate change, overfishing, and pollution. The loss of these biodiversity hotspots not only affects marine life but also puts communities and livelihoods at risk. Learn more about the rapid pace of global coral collapse and its implications for indigenous communities and local ecosystems.

Trash is more than just an eyesore; it's a breeding ground for deadly diseases. A new study by Stanford researchers and their Kenyan colleagues reveals how trash is linked to the spread of mosquito-borne illnesses such as dengue and chikungunya. The study, which followed over 3,500 children in western and coastal Kenya, found that litter near homes, crowded living arrangements, and wealth were all factors that put communities at risk. With this knowledge, communities can take steps to protect themselves from infection. Learn more about this lethal connection between trash and disease.