Rates of school discipline increase significantly faster for Black students than for their white counterparts. Black student discipline rate is 10 times higher than at the beginning of the year. Compared to white students, it’s 50 times higher. UC Berkeley researchers have found that real-time discipline tracking can help educators prevent incidents and reduce disparities. Learn how to make a difference.

Gender Studies is a field of study that explores the social, cultural, and political construction of gender, and the ways in which gender intersects with other aspects of identity, such as race, class, sexuality, and ability. It is an interdisciplinary field that draws on various disciplines, such as sociology, psychology, anthropology, literature, and history, to critically analyze and challenge traditional understandings of gender and its impact on society. One of the most appealing aspects of Gender Studies is its relevance to contemporary issues and real-life examples. For instance, the #MeToo movement, which gained worldwide attention for its focus on sexual harassment and assault, has its roots in feminist theory and activism, which are central to Gender Studies. Similarly, issues such as gender inequality in the workplace, reproductive rights, and LGBTQ+ rights are all topics that are explored in depth in this field. The academic discourse within Gender Studies is constantly evolving, with new research and innovations emerging all the time. One of the most well-known figures in this field is Judith Butler, who developed the concept of gender performativity and has made significant contributions to feminist and queer theory. Other prominent scholars in the field include bell hooks, Gloria Anzaldúa, and Kimberlé Crenshaw, among many others. At the undergraduate level, majors in Gender Studies typically involve a broad range of modules, including feminist theory, women's studies, gender and sexuality studies, and queer studies, to name a few. There are also opportunities to specialize further in areas such as critical race studies, trans studies, and global gender studies. Real-life examples of exciting careers in Gender Studies include working in NGOs such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch, or within government institutions such as the United Nations or the European Union. The potential job prospects in Gender Studies are numerous and diverse, including roles in advocacy, research, education, and policy. Many graduates go on to work as gender equality officers, human rights advocates, social workers, or academics. Some notable employers in the public sector include the United Nations Development Programme and UN Women, while private companies such as Google and Salesforce have also been known to hire Gender Studies graduates. To succeed in Gender Studies, it is helpful to possess certain personal attributes, such as an open-mindedness, empathy, and an interest in social justice. Strong analytical and critical thinking skills are also important, as is the ability to communicate complex ideas clearly and effectively. Above all, an interest in exploring the complexities of gender and its intersections with other aspects of identity is essential.

Fashion is not just about clothes and trends, it is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that reflects our society, culture and values. Fashion Theory: an introduction offers a fascinating exploration of the most influential and important theories on fashion, shedding light on the presuppositions and assumptions that shape our understanding of this industry. Through engaging case studies and examples, this book challenges us to think critically about the production, consumption and representation of fashion, from models' eating disorders to the politics of sweatshops. A must-read for anyone interested in fashion, cultural studies, sociology or gender studies. Recommended for fashion enthusiasts, cultural critics, and social justice advocates, Fashion Theory: an introduction offers a comprehensive and thought-provoking analysis of the theories that underpin our understanding of fashion. Drawing on a wide range of disciplines, such as sociology, anthropology, and marketing, this book explores the complex interplay between fashion, identity, power, and representation. It examines the ways in which fashion shapes and reflects our social norms, values, and aspirations, while also exposing the darker side of the industry, such as exploitation, inequality, and environmental damage. Whether you are a fashion design student, a marketing professional, or a concerned citizen, this book will challenge you to think critically about the role of fashion in our lives and our world.

Ruth Wilson Gilmore's Golden Gulag is a thought-provoking account that delves into the political and economic forces behind the exponential growth of the US prison system. Gilmore's impassioned analysis examines the impact of global and local factors on California's prison boom, detailing the crises that led to the state's commitment to prison expansion. With a focus on the state's surpluses of finance capital, labor, land, and state capacity, Gilmore challenges readers to question the future of California, the United States, and the world. Golden Gulag is an important read for anyone interested in understanding the complexities of the US criminal justice system. Recommended for students of criminology, sociology, and political science, Golden Gulag offers a fresh perspective on the US criminal justice system. Ruth Wilson Gilmore's analysis of California's prison boom provides insight into the political and economic forces behind the exponential growth of the US prison system. This book is particularly relevant for those interested in understanding the impact of global and local factors on the criminal justice system, as well as the intersectionality of race, class, and gender in the prison industrial complex. Golden Gulag challenges readers to question the future of the US criminal justice system and its impact on society as a whole.

Are you the kind of person who is always looking for ways to make a positive impact in the lives of others? Do you have a passion for helping people overcome challenges and obstacles? If so, then a career in Social Work might just be the perfect fit for you! Social Work is a field that is dedicated to improving the lives of individuals, families, and communities. Social Workers work with people from all walks of life, including children, adolescents, adults, and the elderly. They provide support, guidance, and resources to help people overcome a wide range of challenges, including poverty, abuse, addiction, mental illness, and more. One of the most appealing aspects of a career in Social Work is the opportunity to make a real difference in the lives of others. Whether it's helping a child find a safe and loving home, supporting a family struggling with addiction, or advocating for the rights of vulnerable populations, Social Workers have the ability to positively impact the world around them. As a Social Worker, your duties will vary depending on your area of specialization. Some Social Workers focus on child welfare, while others work with individuals struggling with mental health issues. You might work in a hospital, school, government agency, or private practice. Some Social Workers even choose to work in international settings, providing aid and support to communities in need around the world. To become a Social Worker, you will typically need to earn a Bachelor's degree in Social Work or a related field. Popular majors include Sociology, Psychology, and Human Services. Many Social Workers also go on to earn a Master's degree in Social Work (MSW), which is required for some positions. Helpful personal attributes for a career in Social Work include empathy, compassion, patience, and strong communication skills. You should also be able to work well under pressure and be comfortable navigating complex and challenging situations. Job prospects for Social Workers are strong, with a projected growth rate of 13% over the next decade. There are a wide range of potential employers, including government agencies, non-profit organizations, hospitals, schools, and private practices. Notable employers include the United Nations, the Peace Corps, and the Red Cross. In conclusion, a career in Social Work is a rewarding and fulfilling path for those who have a passion for helping others. With the opportunity to make a real difference in the world, a wide range of potential specializations, and strong job prospects, Social Work is an exciting field that is well worth exploring further.

In the world of risk and prediction, are you a hedgehog or a fox? The philosopher Isaiah Berlin wrote about the two animals, with the hedgehog knowing one big thing and the fox knowing many things. Political scientist Philip Tetlock found that foxes were better at predicting than hedgehogs, who were too confident in their forecasts. To be a good forecaster, one needs to be open to new knowledge, have insight into biases, and be willing to acknowledge uncertainty and change their minds. Rather than saying what will happen, good forecasters give probabilities for future events. So, are you willing to be a fox and adapt to changing circumstances, or will you be a hedgehog and stick to one overarching way of looking at the world? By being a fox, you can improve your ability to predict and make better decisions for the future.

In "The Evolution of Cooperation," Robert Axelrod delves into the age-old question of whether cooperation is possible in a world of self-seeking individuals. Through exploring the famous computer tournaments and the success of the "cooperative" program Tit for Tat, Axelrod provides valuable insights into how cooperation can emerge without a central authority to regulate it. This classic book is widely praised and discussed, making it a must-read for anyone interested in the problem of cooperation and its application to a broad spectrum of subjects. Recommended for students of political science, economics, sociology, and psychology, as well as professionals in business and international relations, "The Evolution of Cooperation" offers valuable insights into the possibility of unforced cooperation. Axelrod's exploration of the success of the "cooperative" program Tit for Tat provides practical applications for readers to apply cooperative principles to their own lives and teach them to others. This classic book is a must-read for anyone interested in understanding the problem of cooperation and its relevance to a range of fields and interests.

Have you ever wondered why people from different parts of the world act and live so differently? In "The Culture Code," cultural anthropologist and marketing expert Clotaire Rapaille reveals the secret techniques he has used for decades to help companies like Chrysler, Procter & Gamble, and L'Oréal improve their practices and profitability. Rapaille's groundbreaking notion is that we acquire a silent system of Codes as we grow up within our culture, which invisibly shape how we behave in our personal lives. By decoding two dozen of our most fundamental archetypes, Rapaille gives us "a new set of glasses" to view our actions and motivations, providing unprecedented freedom over our lives. Recommended for anyone interested in understanding the hidden clues to human behavior and the factors that shape our actions and motivations. This book might be particularly relevant to students of anthropology, marketing, psychology, sociology, and cultural studies, as well as professionals in business, advertising, and international relations. It also appeals to anyone curious about cultural differences and the impact of culture on our daily lives. The Culture Code provides a fascinating look at how our cultural background shapes our behavior and offers practical insights into how we can decode these cultural codes to achieve a better understanding of ourselves and others.

Do you have a passion for understanding human behaviour and how it impacts society? If so, a career in social psychology may be the perfect fit for you! Social psychology is an exciting field that focuses on how individuals interact with one another and how their actions affect society as a whole. As a social psychologist, you'll be involved in a variety of interesting and meaningful tasks. You'll conduct research studies to better understand social phenomena, such as prejudice and discrimination, and develop interventions to address them. You'll also work with individuals and groups to help them improve their relationships and interactions with others. There are many different areas of specialisation within social psychology, including health psychology, educational psychology, and organisational psychology. Social psychologists also work in related fields, such as market research and advertising. To become a social psychologist, you'll typically need a graduate degree in psychology or a related field. However, there are many undergraduate programs and majors that can prepare you for this career, including psychology, sociology, and anthropology. In addition to a strong educational background, there are several personal attributes that can be helpful in this field. These include strong communication skills, an analytical mind, and a passion for helping others. Job prospects for social psychologists are strong, with opportunities available in both the public and private sectors. Many notable employers in this field include government agencies, non-profit organisations, and research institutions. For example, the World Health Organization and the United Nations both employ social psychologists to help address a variety of global issues. Overall, a career in social psychology can be both rewarding and fulfilling. If you're interested in understanding human behaviour and making a positive impact on society, this may be the perfect career for you!

Are you passionate about social justice and equality? Do you believe that everyone deserves to be treated fairly, regardless of their gender identity or expression? If so, a career in Gender Studies might be just the thing for you! Gender Studies is an interdisciplinary field that explores the ways in which gender shapes our lives and experiences. This includes examining issues such as gender inequality, gender-based violence, and the ways in which gender intersects with other aspects of our identities, such as race, class, and sexuality. As a Gender Studies professional, you'll have the opportunity to work in a variety of roles and settings. You could become a researcher, conducting studies that shed light on important social issues and inform policy decisions. You could also become an educator, teaching students about the complexities of gender and helping them to develop critical thinking skills. Or, you could become an advocate, working to promote gender equity and social justice in your community and beyond. Some potential areas of specialization within Gender Studies include LGBTQ+ studies, feminist theory, and masculinity studies. Other related fields include sociology, anthropology, and psychology. To pursue a career in Gender Studies, you'll typically need at least a bachelor's degree in a related field, such as Women's Studies or Sociology. Some popular undergraduate programs and majors include Gender and Sexuality Studies, Women's and Gender Studies, and Social Justice and Equity Studies. Helpful personal attributes for a career in Gender Studies include empathy, critical thinking skills, and a commitment to social justice. You should also be comfortable working with people from diverse backgrounds and be able to communicate effectively with a wide range of audiences. Job prospects in the field of Gender Studies are promising, with opportunities available in both the public and private sectors. Some notable employers include the United Nations, non-profit organizations such as Planned Parenthood and the Human Rights Campaign, and government agencies such as the Department of Justice and the Department of Education. In the longer term, the outlook for Gender Studies professionals is positive, as more and more organizations recognize the importance of diversity, equity, and inclusion. So if you're passionate about social justice and want to make a difference in the world, consider a career in Gender Studies!

Despite the increasing availability of knowledge and expertise, many people continue to reject expert advice as they fall prey to misinformation. This paradox of ignorance has significant implications for society, from public health to politics. But why do we reject expertise even when we need it? Biases have a role to play in this, such as the Dunning-Kruger Effect. This is a cognitive bias where unskilled individuals overestimate their abilities and knowledge, while highly skilled individuals underestimate theirs. This can lead to a dangerous overconfidence in one's own expertise especially in non-experts, and thus a dismissal of others' advice and knowledge. Another factor influencing the rejection of expert advice is the role of identity and group dynamics. We are more likely to trust those who share our values and beliefs, and less likely to trust those who do not. This can lead to a rejection of expert advice that conflicts with our group's values or beliefs. Furthermore, the influence of social media and echo chambers can amplify misinformation, forming a closed network that is hard for accurate information to penetrate through. The consequences of rejecting expertise can be seen in many areas, from the anti-vaccination movement to climate change denial. But there are steps we can take to combat this paradox of ignorance, such as promoting critical thinking and media literacy, and building bridges between experts and the public. Some resources that could enhance your understanding of ignorance include the works of Steven Novella, who is a proponent of scientific skepticism (questioning the veracity of scientific claims which lack empirical evidence), and former professor of US national security affairs Tom Nichols, who tackles the dangers of anti-intellectualism in The Death of Expertise by Tom Nichols. In conclusion, the paradox of ignorance highlights the need for increased critical thinking and media literacy, as well as efforts to bridge the gap between experts and the public. By understanding the factors that contribute to the rejection of expertise, we can work towards a more informed and engaged society, better equipped to tackle the challenges we face.

Are you interested in making a positive impact on the lives of employees in organizations? Do you want to be a part of a field that is constantly evolving and adapting to the needs of the workforce? Then Human Resources Management might just be the perfect field of study for you! Human Resources Management is a field that focuses on managing the human capital of an organization. This involves everything from hiring and training employees to managing their benefits and ensuring their well-being in the workplace. It is a critical function that helps organizations achieve their goals by maximizing the potential of their employees. One of the most interesting aspects of Human Resources Management is the opportunity to work with people from diverse backgrounds and cultures. It is a field that requires empathy, strong communication skills, and the ability to understand the needs and motivations of others. For example, a Human Resources Manager may need to create policies that cater to the needs of employees with disabilities or design training programs for employees from different countries. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the field of Human Resources Management, leading to exciting research and innovations. Researchers are exploring new ways to measure employee engagement and satisfaction, as well as developing new tools and technologies to help organizations manage their workforce more effectively. At the undergraduate level, typical majors and modules in Human Resources Management include topics such as recruitment and selection, training and development, compensation and benefits, and employee relations. Students can also specialize in areas such as talent management, diversity and inclusion, and organizational behavior. After completing their degree, graduates can pursue a range of potential future jobs and roles in various industries. Human Resources Managers are in high demand in sectors such as healthcare, finance, and technology, and can work for both public and private organizations. Notable employers include companies like Google, Microsoft, and the United Nations. To succeed in Human Resources Management, students should possess strong interpersonal skills, an interest in psychology and sociology, and a passion for making a positive impact in the workplace. They should also have a keen interest in current affairs and be able to keep up with the latest trends and developments in the field. So, if you are interested in a career that involves working with people, making a difference in the workplace, and being a part of a field that is constantly evolving, then Human Resources Management might just be the perfect field of study for you!

How do public ceremonies establish authority? Why do advertisers pay millions for Super Bowl commercials? Michael Chwe's book, "Rational Ritual," answers these questions by exploring the power of "common knowledge." By using game theory, Chwe shows how people coordinate their actions by forming shared knowledge with one another. He applies this concept to analyze a range of rituals across history and cultures, from political ceremonies to public festivals. This book offers a fascinating look at the relationship between rationality and culture, and how game theory can be applied to a broad spectrum of problems." Recommended for social science and humanities scholars, as well as anyone interested in the power of shared knowledge and the role it plays in shaping cultural practices. The book's insights are relevant to fields such as anthropology, sociology, psychology, and communication studies. It may also be of interest to professionals in advertising and marketing, as well as those involved in organizing public ceremonies and events. Additionally, the book offers a unique perspective on the Super Bowl and other major cultural events, making it a great read for sports fans and pop culture enthusiasts.

In "Conjectures and Refutations," Karl Popper offers a unique perspective on the growth of scientific knowledge, while also applying these insights to politics and history. This work provides a clear and accessible statement of his fundamental idea that our knowledge, aims, and standards grow through an unending process of trial and error. This book is a must-read for anyone interested in exploring the evolution of scientific thought and its impact on society. Recommended for students of philosophy, political science, and history, as well as professionals in the fields of science and technology, "Conjectures and Refutations" offers a thought-provoking perspective on the growth of knowledge and its impact on society. Popper's insights into the process of trial and error can also be applied to fields such as business and entrepreneurship. This book is a valuable resource for anyone seeking to understand the evolution of scientific thought and its impact on our world.

Rebel Cities by David Harvey explores the pivotal role of cities in political revolutions and social change. From Johannesburg to Mumbai, and New York City to Sao Paulo, Harvey delves into the struggle over who has the right to the city and how it should be organized. He argues that cities can become the focus for anti-capitalist resistance and be reorganized in more socially just and ecologically sane ways. This thought-provoking book is a must-read for anyone interested in understanding the power dynamics of urban spaces and the potential for transformative change. Recommended for urban planners, activists, and anyone interested in the intersection of politics, economics, and urban life. Rebel Cities provides a critical analysis of the role of cities in shaping political and social change. It is relevant to a wide range of fields of study, including sociology, political science, geography, and environmental studies. The book also speaks to the interests of those concerned with issues of social justice, inequality, and the environment. Harvey's insights into the potential for anti-capitalist resistance in urban spaces make this book a compelling read for anyone seeking to understand the dynamics of power and social change in our modern world.

Are you interested in understanding how language impacts people with disabilities? Flinders University and UK researchers have analysed the use of disability-related taboo words, exploring their negative and positive impact on people with disabilities. The study sheds light on why taboo words continue to be used in a positive way and the grassroots campaigns trying to raise awareness and discourage people from using hurtful words. This article is a must-read for anyone interested in promoting inclusion and understanding for people with disabilities.

A new study reveals that people signal a need for help once every couple of minutes, and their requests are answered far more often than declined. The study, which included researchers from universities around the world, found that people's tendencies to help others and explain when they can't transcends cultural differences. The findings suggest that being helpful is an ingrained reflex in the human species.

Are you curious about what motivates people to be good? A recent study from Washington University in St. Louis explores the surprising reasons why some people make the effort to be more moral. The study found that many people are motivated to become more moral for self-serving reasons, but they also see potential value in being fairer and more compassionate. Read the full article to learn more about the study's findings and gain insights into your own motivations for moral behavior.

Carbon Democracy by Timothy Mitchell is a thought-provoking book that challenges the simplistic notion that oil is solely responsible for the political instability and inequality in oil-producing countries. Mitchell argues that oil has shaped the global economy and politics in ways that are often overlooked. He traces the history of coal power and oil production to show how the rise of democracy was influenced by energy sources. The book offers a fresh perspective on the relationship between energy, democracy, and the environment, making it a must-read for anyone interested in these topics. Recommended for students of political science, environmental studies, and history, Carbon Democracy offers a unique perspective on the role of energy in shaping modern politics. The book is relevant to anyone interested in understanding the complex relationship between democracy, energy, and the environment. It sheds light on the political and economic consequences of our dependence on oil, and the challenges that lie ahead as we transition to a more sustainable future. This book has implications for policymakers, activists, and citizens concerned about the future of democracy and the planet.

Reading books and stories is not just a form of entertainment; it has the power to change our perspectives and shape our beliefs. Scholars in various fields have discovered that stories have a unique ability to change our point of view and shape culture. For example, Samuel Richardson's "Pamela" challenged the traditional ideas of class, marriage, and gender, which caused quite a ruckus, but it also inspired a slew of counter-novels. Today, novels continue to inspire us and teach us valuable lessons. Recent studies show that we might not be hardwired for competition and individual heroism, but instead, we might be members of a shared quest. As students, we should keep in mind that the terrain has changed, and we should explore new stories that promise to influence, create, and spark change. So, what story will you try on next?