Are you fascinated by current world events and the interactions between nations, cultures, and societies? Do you want to explore the complexities of global politics and diplomacy? If so, studying International Relations at university undergraduate level might be the perfect fit for you. International Relations is a dynamic and ever-changing field of study that examines the relationships between countries and how they interact with each other on a global scale. It delves into the complexities of international politics, economics, and culture, and explores how these factors shape the world we live in. One of the most appealing aspects of studying International Relations is the opportunity to learn about real-life examples of international relations at work. From the UN peacekeeping missions to the Paris Climate Agreement, you will learn about some of the most significant events and agreements in modern history. You will also get to study the works of well-known academic figures such as Joseph Nye and Samuel Huntington, who have contributed groundbreaking theories to the field. At the undergraduate level, typical majors and modules include International Political Economy, Global Governance, and International Security. You can also specialize in areas such as Middle Eastern Studies or Human Rights, depending on your interests. For example, you could study the role of women in conflict resolution in the Middle East or analyze the impact of climate change on global security. After completing your degree, there are numerous potential career paths you could take. You could work in government agencies or think tanks, consulting firms, or international organizations such as the United Nations or the World Bank. You could also work in the private sector, with companies such as Google or ExxonMobil, who have a global presence and need employees with an understanding of international relations. To succeed in this field, it's helpful to have a strong interest in current world events and a desire to understand how they fit into the bigger picture. Strong analytical and critical thinking skills are also crucial, as is the ability to communicate effectively and work well in a team. So if you're passionate about global issues and want to make a positive impact on the world, studying International Relations at university undergraduate level could be the perfect choice for you.

Are you interested in exploring the world and its diverse cultures while making a positive impact on society? Look no further than Global Studies! This exciting field of study offers a unique and dynamic approach to understanding global issues, cultures, and societies. Global Studies is an interdisciplinary field that combines insights from various social sciences, humanities, and natural sciences to examine the complex and interconnected nature of our world. Students in this field study topics such as globalization, international relations, human rights, environmental sustainability, and cultural diversity. Global Studies isn't just about reading textbooks and attending lectures. It involves exciting research, innovative ideas, and inspiring academic discoveries. For example, have you heard about the work of Nobel Peace Prize winner Malala Yousafzai, who advocates for girls' education around the world? Or the groundbreaking research on climate change by Dr. Jane Goodall? These are just a few examples of the inspiring work done by global studies scholars. At the undergraduate level, students can choose from a variety of majors and modules, including international relations, environmental studies, and cultural studies. They can also specialize in areas such as global health, human rights, or sustainable development. These specializations can lead to exciting careers in fields such as international development, diplomacy, or environmental advocacy. If you're interested in pursuing a career in Global Studies, there are a wide range of potential jobs and roles you can consider. These include working for international organizations like the United Nations or World Health Organization, non-governmental organizations like Amnesty International or Greenpeace, or multinational corporations with a global presence. Some notable employers in this field include the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Doctors Without Borders, and the World Wildlife Fund. To succeed in Global Studies, you should have a passion for exploring different cultures, a strong interest in current events and global issues, and excellent communication and critical thinking skills. A second language is also a valuable asset in this field. In conclusion, Global Studies is an exciting and rewarding field of study that offers a unique perspective on our world and its challenges. If you're interested in exploring different cultures, making a positive impact on society, and pursuing a dynamic career, Global Studies may be the perfect fit for you.

Are you passionate about diplomacy, international relations, and cultural exchange? Do you have an insatiable curiosity about the world and a desire to make a difference on a global scale? Then a career as a Foreign Service Officer might be your calling! Foreign Service Officers, or FSOs for short, are the face of the United States government abroad. They work for the U.S. Department of State and are responsible for representing American interests and promoting American values overseas. FSOs are stationed in U.S. embassies and consulates around the world, and their work can take them to some of the most fascinating and challenging places on the planet. As a Foreign Service Officer, you'll have the opportunity to engage in a wide range of meaningful and impactful activities. You might negotiate treaties, help American citizens in distress, promote U.S. business interests, or work to advance human rights and democracy. You'll also have the chance to immerse yourself in foreign cultures, learn new languages, and build lifelong friendships with people from all over the world. To become a Foreign Service Officer, you'll need to pass a rigorous selection process that includes a written exam, an oral assessment, and a thorough background investigation. Once you're accepted into the Foreign Service, you'll receive extensive training in everything from diplomatic protocol to security procedures to crisis management. You'll also have the opportunity to specialize in areas like political affairs, economic affairs, or public diplomacy. To excel as a Foreign Service Officer, you'll need to possess a variety of personal attributes. You should be adaptable, resilient, and able to think on your feet. You should also be a good communicator, both verbally and in writing, and possess strong interpersonal skills. And you should be committed to the principles of public service and the promotion of American values. The job prospects for Foreign Service Officers are excellent. The U.S. Department of State is always looking for talented and dedicated individuals to join its ranks. And once you're in the Foreign Service, you'll have the opportunity to work for a variety of prestigious employers, both in the public and private sectors. Some notable examples include the United Nations, the World Bank, and major multinational corporations. So if you're looking for a career that combines adventure, intellectual challenge, and the opportunity to make a real difference in the world, then consider becoming a Foreign Service Officer. It's a career that will take you places you've never imagined and allow you to have a positive impact on the world around you.

Politics is everywhere. It affects the way we live, work, and interact with others. And if you're interested in understanding the power dynamics that shape our world, then Political Science is the perfect field of study for you. Political Science is a social science that deals with the study of government, politics, and public policy. It's a fascinating field that combines history, philosophy, economics, and sociology to help us understand how governments work, how policies are made, and how power is distributed. In Political Science, you'll learn about the different forms of government, from democracies to dictatorships, and how they function. You'll explore the role of political institutions, such as parliaments, courts, and the media, and how they influence policy decisions. You'll also examine the impact of globalization, international relations, and human rights on political systems. One of the most exciting aspects of Political Science is the research and innovation that takes place in the field. From studying the impact of social media on political campaigns to analyzing the effectiveness of different voting systems, Political Science is constantly evolving and adapting to new challenges. Some of the most well-known academic figures in Political Science include Francis Fukuyama, who famously wrote about the "end of history," and Robert Putnam, who coined the term "social capital" to describe the networks of trust and cooperation that underpin successful societies. At the undergraduate level, Political Science majors typically take courses in political theory, comparative politics, international relations, and public policy. You can also specialize in areas such as political economy, environmental politics, or human rights. With a degree in Political Science, you'll be well-prepared for a range of careers in the public and private sectors. You could work in government, as a policy analyst, diplomat, or elected official. Or you could work in the private sector, as a lobbyist, consultant, or analyst for a think tank. Some of the most notable employers in this field include the United Nations, the World Bank, and major political parties around the world. To succeed in Political Science, you'll need to be curious, analytical, and passionate about social justice. You should also have strong writing and research skills, as well as an ability to think critically about complex issues. If you're ready to explore the fascinating world of politics and policy, then Political Science is the perfect field of study for you.

How does cultural background affect responses to COVID-19? Our research shows that cultural norms and values play a significant role in explaining heterogeneity in exposure to the virus both across and within countries. From social distancing to vaccination campaigns, cultural attitudes can make an important difference in compliance with public health measures. As migration continues to shape cultural backgrounds, policymakers must consider the likely reaction of their citizenship to contain the spread of communicable diseases.

If you have a passion for making a positive impact on society and shaping the world we live in, then a career in public policy might be the perfect fit for you. Public policy professionals work in a wide range of fields, from government and non-profit organizations to international organizations and think tanks. Their work involves analyzing social and economic issues, developing policies, and implementing solutions that address complex problems facing society. One of the most appealing aspects of a career in public policy is the opportunity to make a tangible difference in people's lives. Public policy professionals can work on issues such as climate change, poverty, education, and healthcare, among others. For instance, they can advocate for environmental protection policies that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate the impact of climate change, or they can develop programs that increase access to healthcare services for underserved communities. As a public policy professional, your typical duties might include conducting research, analyzing data, and working with stakeholders to develop policies that address a specific issue or problem. You may also be responsible for evaluating the effectiveness of existing policies and proposing improvements. Depending on your interests and strengths, you can specialize in a particular area of public policy, such as healthcare, education, environmental policy, or international relations. To pursue a career in public policy, you typically need a bachelor's degree in a relevant field, such as political science, economics, or public administration. Some popular undergraduate programs and majors in this field include Bachelor of Arts in Political Science, Bachelor of Science in Public Policy, Bachelor of Arts in Economics and Bachelor of Science in Public Administration. In addition to academic credentials, public policy professionals need certain personal attributes to be successful. These include strong analytical and critical thinking skills, excellent communication and interpersonal skills, and a commitment to public service and social justice. The job prospects for public policy professionals are excellent, with a wide range of employers across the public and private sectors. Some notable employers in this field include the United Nations, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the U.S. Department of State..

The concept of the "Prisoner's Dilemma" has been studied for over 60 years for its insights into political, military, and economic affairs. The scenario involves two criminals who must decide whether to cooperate or betray each other, with each facing different consequences based on their actions. This dilemma highlights the conflict between self-interest and cooperation, and how rational individuals acting in their own self-interest can bring about the worst-case scenario. Learning about this concept can help students understand the importance of cooperation and the dangers of solely focusing on individual self-interest. It also has practical applications in fields such as politics, economics, and international relations. By exploring this concept through reading, reflection, and self-directed projects, students can gain a deeper understanding of human behavior and decision-making.

Ever wondered why corruption levels vary in African countries? A new study suggests that the legacy of colonial rule may be partly to blame. Find out how British colonial rule may have fostered the corruption of local elites (chiefs) and undermined society's trust in them. Discover the significant welfare implications of this on agriculture, natural resources, mining royalties, public goods, and economic development in many African societies.

How did the Winnebago tribe of Nebraska turn their extreme poverty into prosperity through self-determination? Learn how their success story is inspiring Harvard's Project on Indigenous Governance and Development.

The pandemic has exposed the flaws in America's social contract and its ability to protect all citizens. Political philosopher Danielle S. Allen calls for a deeper understanding of the responsibilities of public decision-makers and citizens to repair the broken contract and build pandemic resilience and justice through good governance and strong bonds of solidarity.

Are you interested in making a difference in your community or even the world? If so, Public Administration might just be the field of study for you! Public Administration is a fascinating and rewarding field that involves managing and leading public organizations and programs that serve the public interest. Public Administration is a diverse field that covers a wide range of topics, from budgeting and finance to policy analysis and implementation. It is a field that combines theory and practice, and it is often grounded in real-life examples of successful public programs and initiatives. For example, did you know that the New York City Department of Transportation created a program called "Citi Bike" that has revolutionized the way people get around the city? This program was designed and implemented by public administrators who had a vision for a more sustainable and accessible transportation system. If you're interested in research and innovation, Public Administration has plenty to offer. There are many well-known academic figures in this field who have made significant contributions to our understanding of public policy and administration. For example, James Q. Wilson was a renowned political scientist who wrote extensively on the role of bureaucracy in modern society, while Mary Parker Follett was a pioneering management theorist who emphasized the importance of collaboration and cooperation in organizational settings. At the undergraduate level, Public Administration majors typically take courses in areas such as public policy, budgeting and finance, and organizational behavior. There are also many opportunities for further specialization, such as in areas like environmental policy or healthcare administration. For example, if you're interested in healthcare, you might study how public hospitals are managed and how healthcare policies are developed and implemented. So what kind of jobs can you get with a degree in Public Administration? The possibilities are endless! You could work for a government agency, a non-profit organization, or even a private company that works closely with the public sector. Some popular career paths include city manager, policy analyst, or public relations specialist. And if you're interested in working for a specific organization, there are plenty of attractive potential employers to choose from, such as the United Nations, the World Health Organization, or the Environmental Protection Agency. To succeed in Public Administration, it's important to have a strong work ethic, excellent communication skills, and a passion for serving the public interest. If you're interested in making a difference in your community and beyond, then Public Administration might just be the perfect field of study for you!

Politics is more than just the art of the possible; it's an exciting and dynamic field of study that encompasses everything from international relations to local government. If you're interested in how power works, how decisions are made, and how societies are shaped, then studying politics at the undergraduate level might be just the thing for you. At its core, politics is about understanding how people and institutions interact with each other to make decisions that affect our lives. This means studying everything from political theory and philosophy to the nuts and bolts of government policy-making. It also means exploring the many different systems of government that exist around the world, from democracies to dictatorships, and learning about the challenges and opportunities that each one presents. One of the most interesting things about studying politics is the breadth of research and innovation that is taking place in the field. From groundbreaking new theories about democracy and governance to innovative approaches to public policy, there is always something new and exciting happening in politics. And with so many well-known academic figures making major contributions to the field, there is no shortage of inspiring academic discourse to engage with. At the undergraduate level, typical majors and modules might include courses on political theory, comparative politics, international relations, and public policy. But there are also plenty of opportunities to specialize further, whether that means focusing on a particular region of the world, a specific area of policy, or a particular type of government. So what can you do with a degree in politics? The possibilities are endless. There are a range of potential future jobs and roles that this field of study might be directly helpful for, including careers in government, NGOs, think tanks, and international organizations. But politics is also a useful foundation for a wide range of other careers, from law and journalism to business and finance. To succeed in this field of study, it's helpful to have strong critical thinking skills, a passion for social justice, and an interest in current events and public affairs. You should also be comfortable with public speaking and debate, as well as skilled at research and analysis. If you're ready to dive into the exciting world of politics, then studying it at the undergraduate level might be just the thing to launch your career in this exciting field.

In recent years, gun violence has become a global concern, and with it, discussions about gun ownership and firearm homicide have become increasingly relevant. The issue of gun violence is not limited to any one country or culture, but rather is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that varies widely across different regions and populations. At the heart of the debate on gun ownership and firearm homicide is the question of how cultural, social, economic, and political factors interact to shape attitudes towards guns and the extent to which they contribute to violence. Many scholars have explored this issue, and their work offers valuable insights into the complex relationships between culture, guns, and violence. For example, one key concept in this field is the notion of "gun culture," which refers to the social and cultural attitudes that promote gun ownership and use. Sociologist David Yamane has argued that the U.S. has a unique gun culture that is deeply ingrained in American society, and that this culture is a key factor in the high rates of gun ownership and gun violence in the country. Other academics, like Gary Kleck and John Lott, have explored the role of guns in self-defense and crime prevention, and have argued that increased gun ownership can lead to a reduction in crime rates. However, this view is not without its critics, and many scholars, like Franklin Zimring, have challenged the notion that more guns necessarily lead to more safety. The cultural differences in attitudes towards guns are also evident when we compare the U.S. to other countries. For example, in Japan, the ownership of firearms is strictly regulated and there are very low rates of gun violence. In contrast, countries like Mexico and Brazil have high rates of gun violence despite having relatively strict gun control laws. When it comes to exploring this topic further, there are many avenues for students to pursue. They might start by delving deeper into the concept of "gun culture" and exploring how it differs across different regions and populations. They might also explore the role of guns in self-defense, and consider the arguments both for and against the idea that more guns lead to greater safety. Finally, they might look at the differences in gun control laws across different countries and consider the factors that contribute to variation in gun violence rates. In conclusion, exploring the relationship between gun ownership and firearm homicide is a multifaceted endeavor that requires a cross-cultural perspective. By delving deeper into the concept of "gun culture" and exploring how it differs across different regions and populations, students can gain a better understanding of this pressing issue, and develop their own informed and nuanced perspectives on this topic.

Are you interested in making a difference in the world? Do you want to be part of the team that shapes and influences the policies that affect our lives? If you answered yes, then a career as a Policy Analyst might be perfect for you! Policy Analysts are professionals who work to research, analyze, and develop policies that impact a wide range of industries and sectors. They are responsible for identifying the issues, analyzing data, and making recommendations to improve policies and programs. They work in various fields such as healthcare, education, social welfare, environmental protection, and more. As a Policy Analyst, you could work on projects that range from improving public transportation to developing new healthcare policies. You could also be involved in researching and analyzing data on social and economic trends, as well as working with policymakers to develop and implement new policies. One exciting aspect of this career is the potential for specialization. You could choose to focus on a specific area, such as environmental policy, healthcare policy, or education policy. This allows you to become an expert in your chosen field and make a significant impact on the issues that matter most to you. To become a Policy Analyst, you will typically need a Bachelor's degree in a related field such as Political Science, Public Administration, or Economics. Some popular undergraduate programs and majors include Public Policy, International Relations, and Sociology. Helpful personal attributes for this career include excellent analytical skills, strong communication skills, and the ability to work well in a team. You should also have a passion for research and a desire to make a positive impact on society. Job prospects for Policy Analysts are excellent, with many opportunities available in both the public and private sectors. Some notable employers include the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and various government agencies such as the Department of Homeland Security and the Environmental Protection Agency. In conclusion, a career as a Policy Analyst offers an exciting and rewarding opportunity to make a difference in the world. With a wide range of potential specializations and excellent job prospects, this career is perfect for those who are passionate about research, analysis, and making a positive impact on society. So what are you waiting for? Start exploring this exciting career today!

When we think of governance, we often imagine a group of officials making decisions on behalf of a larger population. But there's another approach to governance that's gaining attention: multi-stakeholder governance. What is multi-stakeholder governance, and how does it differ from traditional forms of governance? At its core, multi-stakeholder governance is about collaboration between different groups of stakeholders to make decisions that affect them all. Instead of a top-down approach, where decisions are made by a single group, multi-stakeholder governance involves a variety of stakeholders, including government officials, non-governmental organizations, businesses, and community members. One of the key benefits of multi-stakeholder governance is that it can lead to more effective and equitable decision-making. By bringing together diverse perspectives and experiences, multi-stakeholder governance can help ensure that everyone's voice is heard and that decisions reflect the needs and concerns of all stakeholders. This approach can be particularly effective in addressing complex issues that require a broad range of expertise and input. But multi-stakeholder governance isn't without its challenges. Collaboration can be difficult, and finding common ground among different stakeholders can be a time-consuming and complex process. In addition, power imbalances can arise, with some stakeholders having more influence or resources than others. Despite these challenges, multi-stakeholder governance has gained traction in a variety of sectors, from environmental management to public health. For example, the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) is a multi-stakeholder governance initiative that promotes responsible forest management by bringing together environmental, social, and economic stakeholders. The Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) is another multi-stakeholder initiative that works to increase access to immunization in low-income countries. Leading academics in the field of multi-stakeholder governance include Elinor Ostrom, who won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2009 for her work on the governance of common-pool resources, and Mark Anner, who has researched multi-stakeholder governance in global supply chains. In conclusion, multi-stakeholder governance is a unique approach to decision-making that emphasizes collaboration and inclusivity. While it presents some challenges, it has the potential to be a powerful tool for addressing complex issues and ensuring that all voices are heard. By exploring examples such as the FSC and GAVI, and learning from leading academics such as Ostrom and Anner, students can gain a deeper understanding of this important concept and its potential to make a positive impact in the world.

New research shows that combating inequality is crucial in combating climate change. The world's wealthiest 10% contribute to 36-49% of global emissions, while their political power obstructs climate policies. Governments must tackle climate change and redistribute wealth, power, and status for effective action.

Are you passionate about making a positive impact in your community? Do you have a knack for leadership and problem-solving? If so, a career as a City Manager might just be the perfect fit for you! As a City Manager, you will play a crucial role in the day-to-day operations of your city. You will be responsible for overseeing all aspects of city operations, from managing budgets and implementing policies to ensuring the safety and well-being of your citizens. One of the most appealing aspects of this role is the opportunity to make a real difference in your community. Whether you're working to improve infrastructure, promote economic growth, or provide essential services to your citizens, you will have the power to shape the future of your city. In addition to the meaningful work, a career as a City Manager also offers a wide range of potential specializations. You may choose to focus on areas such as urban planning, public safety, or environmental sustainability, depending on your interests and expertise. To become a City Manager, you will need to have a strong educational background. Popular undergraduate programs and majors include public administration, political science, and business management. You may also choose to pursue a master's degree in a related field to further enhance your skills and knowledge. In terms of personal attributes, successful City Managers tend to be strong communicators, strategic thinkers, and effective problem-solvers. They are also highly organized and able to manage multiple priorities simultaneously. The job prospects for City Managers are promising, with many opportunities available in both the public and private sectors. Notable employers include the City of New York, the City of London, and the City of Tokyo, among others. So, if you're looking for a career that combines meaningful work with the opportunity to make a real difference in your community, consider becoming a City Manager. With hard work, dedication, and a passion for public service, you could be on your way to a rewarding and fulfilling career!

Are you passionate about making a positive impact on society? Do you want to work towards creating a better world for everyone? Then studying Public Service might be the perfect fit for you! Public Service is a field of study that focuses on the management, administration, and policy-making of government and non-profit organizations. It incorporates a range of disciplines such as political science, economics, sociology, and law, to equip students with the skills and knowledge needed to tackle complex social issues. One of the most appealing aspects of studying Public Service is the opportunity to make a real difference in people's lives. Whether it's working towards improving public health, education, or social justice, Public Service graduates have the skills and expertise to create meaningful change in the world. Some of the most interesting research in Public Service is focused on finding innovative solutions to social problems. From developing new policies to creating effective public programs, there are countless opportunities to make a difference. Well-known academic figures such as Robert Reich, Angela Davis, and Noam Chomsky have made significant contributions to the field of Public Service, inspiring students to follow in their footsteps. At the undergraduate level, students can choose from a range of majors and modules, including Public Policy, Non-Profit Management, and International Development. These modules provide students with a solid foundation in the principles of Public Service and prepare them for further specialization in areas such as Environmental Policy, Health Policy, or Human Rights. After graduation, Public Service graduates have a wide range of career options to choose from. They can work in government agencies, non-profit organizations, international organizations, or the private sector. Key industries for prospective future employment include healthcare, education, social services, and environmental protection. Some notable employers include the United Nations, Doctors Without Borders, and the World Wildlife Fund. To succeed in the field of Public Service, students should possess a range of personal attributes, skills, and subject interests. Strong communication skills, critical thinking, and problem-solving abilities are essential, as well as a passion for social justice and a desire to make a positive impact on society. In summary, studying Public Service is an excellent choice for students who are passionate about making a difference in the world. With a range of exciting career options and the potential to create meaningful change, Public Service is a field of study that is both rewarding and inspiring.

Libertarianism is a political philosophy that values individual liberty and minimal government intervention. Its roots go back to the European Enlightenment and American independence in the 18th century. Libertarians believe in the principle of self-ownership and negative freedom, which means freedom from interference by others, especially the government. They advocate for a minimal state that only provides protection against force, theft, fraud, and enforcement of contracts, without public services such as health and education. Although critics argue that we need positive freedom, which includes access to things like decent housing, healthcare, and education, libertarianism's influence can be felt every time people attack big government or the nanny state. Learning about libertarianism can help students understand different political philosophies and develop critical thinking skills.

Queen Elizabeth II's death marked a new era for the 54 Commonwealth countries. Learn about the organization's evolution from the British Empire's disintegration to its modern-day form. Discover the push for self-governance and rising nationalism in the dominions that sparked the British Commonwealth of Nations' founding. Find out how India's independence movement led to the Commonwealth's modern-day form. Explore the organization's role in protecting the environment, boosting trade, and supporting democracy throughout the world.