Researchers found that exposing the tactics of junk food marketing campaigns to young people results in healthier eating habits, better than just providing information on healthy eating.

Do you ever wonder why you choose certain products over others? Or why you feel a certain way towards a brand or advertisement? If you find yourself interested in the psychology behind consumer decision-making, then Consumer Behavior might just be the field of study for you! Consumer Behavior is the study of how individuals and groups make decisions about what they buy, use, and dispose of. It incorporates elements of psychology, sociology, and economics to understand the complex factors that influence consumer behavior. One interesting aspect of Consumer Behavior is the concept of brand loyalty. Have you ever noticed that you always buy a certain brand of shampoo or cereal, even though there are other options available? This is because of the emotional connection you have with that brand, which has been carefully cultivated through marketing strategies and brand identity. Academic figures like Philip Kotler and Herbert Simon have made significant contributions to the field of Consumer Behavior. Kotler is known for his work on marketing management and consumer behavior, while Simon received the Nobel Prize in Economics for his research on decision-making in organizations. At the undergraduate level, typical majors and modules in Consumer Behavior include marketing, psychology, and consumer research. Further specialization can be pursued in areas such as digital marketing, brand management, and market research. With a degree in Consumer Behavior, there are a variety of potential future jobs and roles that this field of study might be directly helpful for. These include roles in advertising, market research, and public relations. Notable employers in this field include companies like Procter & Gamble, Coca-Cola, and Google. To succeed in Consumer Behavior, it's helpful to have strong analytical skills, an understanding of human behavior, and an interest in marketing and advertising. If you're fascinated by the psychology behind consumer decision-making, then Consumer Behavior might be the perfect field of study for you!

Are you curious about why junk food seems so irresistible despite knowing its negative health effects? Would you like to understand the psychological tricks used by junk food marketers to make their products irresistible to consumers? Keep reading to uncover the deception behind junk food marketing! Junk food is high in sugar, fat, and calories and low in essential nutrients, yet it remains a popular food choice among many people. One of the reasons for this popularity is the clever use of deceptive marketing tactics by junk food companies. One such tactic is "health washing", which is the act of making false or misleading health claims about a product. For example, a brand of bottled water marketed as "vitamin-enhanced" may contain added vitamins that are unnecessary and can lead to overconsumption of certain nutrients. For example, one brand of vitamin-enhanced water contains 125% of the recommended daily value of vitamin C, which can actually cause digestive problems if consumed in excess. Another tactic is targeting kisa, which involves creating advertisements and commercials that are appealing to children. Junk food companies know that children are easily influenced by advertisements and can be more likely to choose junk food if it is presented in a fun and appealing manner. This tactic has been found to contribute to the childhood obesity epidemic, as noted by Dr. Kelly D. Brownell of Duke University, previous director of the Yale University Rudd Center for Food Policy & Obesity. So, why do these tactics work? The answer lies in the field of psychology. The human brain has evolved to seek out pleasurable experiences, such as eating, and is wired to respond to cues that signal the availability of food. Junk food marketers use this to their advantage by using bright colors, appealing music, and mouth-watering images to create an emotional response and trigger the impulse to consume junk food. Another psychological concept used in junk food marketing is the principle of priming. This involves unconsciously influencing a person's behavior by exposing them to stimuli that activates related mental representations. For example, if you see a commercial for junk food before going grocery shopping, you may be more likely to purchase junk food because the advertisement has primed your brain to think about and crave junk food. But don't let these tactics fool you! By understanding the psychology behind junk food marketing, you can empower yourself to make healthier food choices.

Charitable organizations can increase contributions by simply offering multiple-choice options for donations, according to research by Wharton Professor Alice Moon and Eric VanEpps, marketing professor at the University of Utah. By giving specific amounts to choose from, such as $5, $10 or $50, donors contribute more frequently and feel less pressure to give too much or too little.

Are you interested in helping people navigate through the complexities of relationships and family dynamics? If so, then you might want to consider studying Marriage and Family Therapy. This field of study is all about understanding and improving relationships between individuals, couples, and families. Marriage and Family Therapy is a fascinating field that combines psychology, sociology, and counselling. It is a field that is constantly evolving and adapting to the changing needs of society. For example, did you know that Marriage and Family Therapists are now using technology to provide online therapy sessions to clients all over the world? This is just one example of how this field is innovating to meet the needs of people. One of the most appealing aspects of studying Marriage and Family Therapy is the opportunity to make a real difference in people's lives. As a Marriage and Family Therapist, you will be able to help individuals and families overcome challenges and improve their relationships. For example, you might help a couple who is struggling with communication issues to learn how to communicate more effectively. Or, you might help a family who is dealing with a difficult situation to come together and support each other. There are many well-known academic figures in the field of Marriage and Family Therapy, such as John Gottman and Sue Johnson. These individuals have made significant contributions to the field through their research and innovations. For example, Gottman is known for his research on the predictors of divorce and his development of the Gottman Method of Couples Therapy. At the undergraduate level, students typically take courses in psychology, sociology, and counselling. Some of the modules that students might take include Family Systems Theory, Couples Therapy, and Child and Adolescent Therapy. There are also opportunities for further specialisation in areas such as Sex Therapy or Divorce Mediation. After completing a degree in Marriage and Family Therapy, there are many potential career paths available. Some of the most popular roles include Marriage and Family Therapist, Couples Therapist, and Family Counsellor. Key industries for prospective future employment include healthcare, social services, and education. Some notable and attractive potential employers include the National Health Service (NHS), private practice clinics, and non-profit organisations. To succeed in this field of study, it is important to have excellent communication skills, empathy, and an interest in helping others. Students should also have a strong background in psychology, sociology, and counselling. If you are interested in making a real difference in people's lives and improving relationships, then studying Marriage and Family Therapy might be the perfect fit for you.

Have you ever wondered why some foods make you feel happy, while others don't? The field of psychology has a lot to say about our relationship with food and how it affects our emotions, behavior, and well-being. Food is more than just sustenance; it's tied to our memories, cultural background, and experiences. It's not just about nourishing the body, but also about satisfying the mind. The way we think and feel about food is complex, and the psychology of food studies this relationship. Leading academics in the field, such as Dr. Brian Wansink and Dr. Traci Mann, have made significant contributions to our understanding of the psychology of food. They have shown that external factors, such as packaging and portion size, can influence how much we eat. Our environment and the people around us can also play a role in our food choices. For example, eating with friends and family can lead to overeating, while eating alone can lead to under-eating. The mindful eating movement is a growing trend in food psychology, emphasizing the importance of being present and attentive while eating. Mindful eating helps us become more aware of our hunger and fullness cues, allowing us to make healthier food choices. It also helps us savor and enjoy our food more, reducing the likelihood of overeating. While there are many benefits to the mindful eating movement, it also has its drawbacks. Some people find it challenging to be mindful while eating, especially in a fast-paced and busy world. Additionally, the emphasis on mindful eating can lead to feelings of guilt or shame for those who struggle to practice it consistently. The psychology of food has important implications for our health and well-being. Understanding our relationship with food can help us make better food choices and lead a more fulfilling life. Here are some ideas for ways to explore the psychology of food further: -

Are you curious about how attitudes are formed and how they can be changed? The third edition of this book explores the latest scientific methods used to understand attitudes, with a balanced consideration of all approaches. From diverse research threads across the world, this book provides fundamental concepts to better understand attitudes. Discover the flurry of research activity in this dynamic subject over the past few years and gain insight into the complexities of human behavior. Recommended for psychology students, social scientists, and anyone interested in understanding human behavior, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the scientific methods used to study attitudes. Professionals in fields such as marketing, politics, and social advocacy can benefit from the insights gained into how attitudes can be influenced and changed. This book also has relevance for those interested in personal growth and self-reflection, as it explores the complexities of attitudes and how they shape our perceptions and actions.

Are you curious about the inner workings of businesses and organizations? Do you have a passion for psychology and human behavior? If so, then studying Industrial-Organizational Psychology at the undergraduate level might be the perfect fit for you! Industrial-Organizational Psychology, or I-O Psychology for short, is the study of human behavior in the workplace. It focuses on improving productivity, employee satisfaction, and organizational effectiveness. This field of study combines the principles of psychology and business to create a unique and valuable skill set. One of the most interesting aspects of I-O Psychology is the research and innovation that takes place in this field. For example, researchers have found that employees who have a sense of purpose in their work are more productive and engaged. Additionally, innovations in technology have allowed companies to use data-driven approaches to make better hiring and promotion decisions. Some well-known academic figures in this field include Adam Grant, who is known for his research on motivation and job satisfaction, and Amy Wrzesniewski, who has studied the impact of job crafting on employee well-being. At the undergraduate level, typical majors and modules include courses on organizational behavior, human resource management, and research methods. Students can also specialize in areas such as talent management, leadership, and diversity and inclusion. For example, a student specializing in talent management might learn how to identify and develop high-potential employees. The skills and knowledge gained through studying I-O Psychology can lead to a variety of potential future jobs and roles. Graduates may work as human resource managers, organizational development consultants, or talent acquisition specialists. Some popular industries for I-O Psychology graduates include healthcare, finance, and technology. Notable potential employers include Google, Amazon, and the United Nations. To succeed in this field of study, it is helpful to have strong analytical and problem-solving skills, as well as an interest in human behavior and organizational dynamics. Additionally, effective communication and collaboration skills are essential for working with teams and clients. Overall, studying Industrial-Organizational Psychology at the undergraduate level can lead to a rewarding career that combines psychology and business to improve productivity and employee satisfaction.

Are you someone who loves to listen and help people? Do you enjoy finding solutions to complex problems? If so, a career in Counseling Psychology may be perfect for you! Counseling Psychology is a field that focuses on helping individuals and groups improve their mental health and well-being. As a Counseling Psychologist, you will work with clients to identify and address their emotional, social, and behavioral issues. You will help them develop coping skills, improve their relationships, and achieve their personal goals. One of the most appealing aspects of this field is the opportunity to truly make a positive impact on people's lives. Imagine helping a teenager overcome their anxiety and depression to become a confident and successful adult. Or helping a family navigate a difficult divorce and emerge with a stronger bond. These are just a few examples of the meaningful and rewarding work that Counseling Psychologists do every day. In terms of typical duties, Counseling Psychologists may work in a variety of settings, including private practices, hospitals, schools, and community centers. They may specialize in areas such as marriage and family therapy, substance abuse counseling, or career counseling. Other related fields include social work, psychiatry, and school counseling. To become a Counseling Psychologist, you will typically need to earn a doctoral degree in Psychology, with a focus on Counseling Psychology. Popular undergraduate majors for this field include Psychology, Sociology, and Social Work. Helpful personal attributes include strong communication skills, empathy, and a non-judgmental attitude. Job prospects for Counseling Psychologists are generally positive, with a projected growth rate of 14% over the next decade. Notable potential employers include government agencies, hospitals, and non-profit organizations. Some specific examples include the National Institutes of Health, the Mayo Clinic, and the United Nations. In summary, a career in Counseling Psychology offers the opportunity to make a real difference in people's lives, while also enjoying a fulfilling and rewarding career. If you have a passion for helping others and a desire to improve mental health and well-being, this may be the perfect field for you!

Shopping can be an overwhelming experience, with countless options, products, and stimuli vying for our attention. With the rise of sensory marketing, retailers are leveraging our senses to make their products more appealing and influence our buying decisions. Sensory marketing is the strategic use of sensory stimuli - such as sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and touch - to create a memorable and immersive shopping experience. In fact, studies have shown that sensory marketing can significantly impact consumer behavior, leading to increased spending, impulse buying, and brand loyalty. One example of this is how some grocery stores use the scent of freshly baked bread or brewing coffee to make their customers feel more at home and relaxed. Similarly, luxury brands may use plush carpets or velvet curtains to create a feeling of exclusivity and opulence. According to a study published in the Journal of Consumer Psychology, sensory marketing can also increase the perceived value of a product. But sensory marketing isn't just about creating a pleasant environment - it can also be used to highlight certain products or influence consumer behavior. For example, retailers may use bright colors or flashing lights to draw attention to a specific display or product. Leading academics in the field of sensory marketing include Aradhna Krishna, a professor at the University of Michigan's Ross School of Business, and Martin Lindstrom, a marketing expert and author of the book "Brand Sense." By exploring sensory marketing and its impact on consumer behavior, students can gain a deeper understanding of the complex and fascinating world of retail marketing.

Happiness is a universal human goal. We all want to be happy, but how do we measure it? Happiness is subjective and difficult to quantify. In this write-up, we'll explore the science behind measuring happiness, including relevant academic concepts and leading experts in the field. One way to measure happiness is through self-report surveys. Researchers ask people to rate their level of happiness on a scale of 1 to 10, with 10 being the happiest. One such survey is the World Happiness Report, which measures the happiness of people in over 150 countries. Another approach is to measure physiological indicators of happiness, such as brain activity and facial expressions. Researchers have found that activity in the left prefrontal cortex is associated with positive emotions. Meanwhile, smiling and other positive facial expressions are also indicators of happiness. Leading academics in the field of happiness research include Sonja Lyubomirsky, Ed Diener, and Martin Seligman. Lyubomirsky has researched the impact of positive psychology interventions on happiness, while Diener is known for his work on subjective well-being. Seligman is a pioneer in the field of positive psychology, which focuses on personal growth and well-being. Interestingly, some countries have found innovative ways to measure happiness. For example, Bhutan has created a Gross National Happiness Index, which measures happiness in nine domains, including health, education, and psychological well-being. In conclusion, measuring happiness is a complex and subjective task. However, through self-report surveys, physiological indicators, and innovative approaches, researchers are making strides in understanding what makes people happy. By exploring these academic topics further, high school students can deepen their understanding of happiness and well-being, and apply this knowledge to their own lives.

Are you passionate about helping people and making a difference in their lives? Do you have a natural ability to listen and empathize with others? If so, a career as a Mental Health Counselor may be just what you're looking for! Mental Health Counselors are professionals who work with individuals, families, and groups to help them overcome emotional and mental health challenges. They provide counseling, support, and guidance to help people cope with a variety of issues, from depression and anxiety to addiction and trauma. One of the most appealing aspects of this field is the opportunity to make a meaningful impact in people's lives. For example, imagine working with a young person who is struggling with depression and suicidal thoughts. Through counseling and support, you could help them find hope and healing, and guide them towards a brighter future. As a Mental Health Counselor, your duties may include conducting assessments, developing treatment plans, providing therapy, and collaborating with other healthcare professionals. You may also choose to specialize in a particular area, such as addiction counseling, marriage and family therapy, or trauma counseling. To become a Mental Health Counselor, you typically need a Master's degree in counseling or a related field. Popular undergraduate majors include psychology, social work, and human services. In addition to formal education, it's important to possess certain personal attributes, such as strong communication skills, empathy, and a non-judgmental attitude. The job prospects for Mental Health Counselors are promising, with a projected growth rate of 25% over the next decade. There are a variety of potential employers in both the public and private sectors, including hospitals, community mental health centers, schools, and private practices. Notable employers include Kaiser Permanente, UnitedHealth Group, and the Veterans Administration. In summary, a career as a Mental Health Counselor offers the opportunity to make a meaningful impact in people's lives, specialize in a particular area of interest, and enjoy promising job prospects. If you're passionate about helping others and interested in pursuing a career in mental health, this may be the perfect career path for you!

Are food cravings a message from your body or just an excuse for indulging? Research suggests that, other than a few extreme deficiencies, cravings are more likely connected to psychology than biology. Hormones and a monotonous diet may play a role, but there's not much evidence for the "wisdom of the body" theory of cravings. However, iron-deficient anemia may be an exception. Discover more about the science of cravings and what causes them in this thought-provoking article.

Silence is something that we all need in our lives, yet in today's world, it can feel like there's no space for it. Harriet Shawcross, a filmmaker and journalist, believes that we would all benefit from a little bit more silence in our lives. In her research, she has found that silence can have a positive impact on both the body and the brain. Studies have shown that silence can promote the growth of brain cells in the part of the brain responsible for memory. It can also lower blood pressure, reduce heart rate, and help us relax. Silence can even enable people to say things that they've never been able to say before. However, too much silence can be a bad thing, as it can lead to a feeling of torpor. Overall, silence is something that we should all strive to have more of in our lives, as it can have both intellectual and practical benefits.

Do you have a way with words? Are you a natural storyteller? Are you looking for a career that combines creativity, strategy, and communication? Look no further than the exciting field of copywriting! At its core, copywriting is the art and science of writing persuasive and compelling content that motivates people to take action. From advertising slogans to website copy, from social media posts to product descriptions, copywriters are the masterminds behind the words that sell products, services, and ideas. But copywriting is so much more than just writing catchy phrases. It requires a deep understanding of consumer psychology, market trends, and branding strategies. Copywriters must be able to research and analyze target audiences, develop unique selling propositions, and craft messages that resonate with their readers. In the world of copywriting, there are countless innovators and thought leaders who have made significant contributions to the field. From David Ogilvy, the "father of advertising," to Ann Handley, the queen of content marketing, there is no shortage of inspiring figures to learn from. At the undergraduate level, students can expect to study a range of topics, including copywriting fundamentals, marketing strategy, branding, and digital media. They may also have the opportunity to specialize in areas such as social media copywriting, email marketing, or SEO writing. With a degree in copywriting, graduates can pursue a variety of exciting career paths. They may work in advertising agencies, marketing firms, or in-house marketing departments for companies in a variety of industries. Some popular job titles include copywriter, content strategist, and creative director. Notable employers include companies like Apple, Nike, and Coca-Cola. To succeed in the field of copywriting, students should possess strong writing skills, creativity, and a passion for storytelling. They should also be able to work collaboratively with other creatives and be comfortable with constructive feedback and revisions. So if you're looking for a career that combines your love of writing with your business savvy, consider studying copywriting at the undergraduate level. With its endless opportunities for creativity and innovation, the world of copywriting is waiting for you!

Do you have a passion for helping others and a desire to make a positive impact on society? If so, a career in Clinical Social Work might be the perfect fit for you. As a Clinical Social Worker, you will have the opportunity to work with individuals, families, and communities to address a range of social and emotional issues. Clinical Social Workers are trained professionals who provide therapy and support to individuals and families in need. They work in a variety of settings, including hospitals, schools, mental health clinics, and private practices. Clinical Social Workers are trained to provide a range of services, including individual and group therapy, crisis intervention, and case management. One of the most appealing aspects of a career in Clinical Social Work is the opportunity to make a meaningful difference in people's lives. For example, you might work with a family struggling to cope with the challenges of a child with a disability, or help a survivor of domestic violence rebuild their life. These are just a few examples of the many ways Clinical Social Workers can make a positive impact on the world. To become a Clinical Social Worker, you will typically need to earn a Master's degree in Social Work (MSW). Many undergraduate programs offer majors in Social Work, Psychology, or Sociology, which can be helpful in preparing for a career in Clinical Social Work. In addition to formal education, there are several personal attributes that can be helpful in this field. Clinical Social Workers should have strong communication skills, empathy, and the ability to work well under pressure. They should also be able to work independently and as part of a team. Job prospects for Clinical Social Workers are strong, with a projected growth rate of 13% over the next decade. This growth is due in part to the increasing demand for mental health services, as well as the aging of the population. There are a wide range of potential employers for Clinical Social Workers, including hospitals, schools, government agencies, and non-profit organizations. Notable employers in this field include the National Association of Social Workers, the American Red Cross, and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). In conclusion, a career in Clinical Social Work offers a unique opportunity to make a positive impact on the world while also pursuing a rewarding and fulfilling career. If you have a passion for helping others and a desire to make a difference, this might be the perfect career for you!

Have you ever wondered why we crave certain foods more than others? It turns out that our brain's reward system is responsible for this. The orbital frontal cortex, a part of the brain that responds to different sensations and nutrients, is especially developed in humans and primates. This part of the brain is responsible for our cravings and delights in fat and sugar. However, having information about the food can make a big difference. We can use our knowledge of what is happening in our brains to design foods that are low in calories and still attractive, but healthy. Understanding how our reward neurons plot to get what they want can help us be aware of times that we tend to make poor choices. In the end, we are not fully at the mercy of our reward neurons. We can use our understanding to help design healthy foods and make healthy choices. By learning more about the science behind our food choices, we can make better decisions for our health and wellbeing.

Advertising is designed to attach emotions to brands, and meta-communication (the twiddly bits like music, characters, and setting) is used to do this. We are programmed not to be able to unprocess meta-communication, which means that once we see it, we've got it. To counter-argue the emotion in advertising, we need to watch ads carefully and ask ourselves what they're trying to influence and what's behind the ad. By doing this, we can emotionally counter-argue the ad and feel more in control of our lives. Learning about advertising can help us become more aware of how it affects us and how we can resist its influence. Understanding meta-communication and emotional appeals can also help us in other areas of our lives, such as when making decisions or analyzing information.

Discover the fascinating history of the veggie burger, from its humble beginnings in a London basement to its current popularity, with over 7 million Americans now following a vegetarian diet. Meet the man behind the iconic VegeBurger and learn how his creation helped pave the way for a meatless future.

In the 1940s, women were joining the workforce in droves, but society still expected them to look well-groomed, even if it meant taking time away from their work. Hazel Bishop, an organic chemist, was sick of having to reapply her lipstick constantly and wanted to create a solution that was not only long-lasting but also healthy for the lips. After years of hard work, she introduced one of the first smudge-proof, long-lasting, and moisturizing lipsticks marketed as the only kissable lipstick. Bishop's product took off, and soon, other companies were replicating and creating other practical cosmetics. This story highlights the importance of innovation and creativity in solving everyday problems. It also shows how science and technology can be used to create products that benefit people's lives, and how women have made significant contributions to the workforce and the cosmetics industry. As students, exploring these academic concepts can not only expand their knowledge but also inspire them to develop their own innovative solutions to everyday problems.