Ancient Egyptian tombs reveal pots of honey, thousands of years old and still preserved. What makes honey such a special food? The answer lies in its chemical makeup and the alchemy of bees. Honey's longevity and acidic properties lend it medicinal qualities, making it a natural bandage and a barrier against infection for wounds. Discover the magic of honey and its perfect balance of hygroscopic and antimicrobial properties.

Are you a fan of miso and natto? A new study from Japan, published by The BMJ, has found that a higher intake of fermented soy products is associated with a lower risk of death. The study investigated the association between different types of soy products and death from any cause, cancer, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and injury. The researchers found that a higher intake of fermented soy (natto and miso) was associated with a significantly lower (10%) risk of all-cause mortality. Read the article to find out more about the potential health benefits of fermented soy products.

Food is energy for the body, and the average number of calories in fat, protein, and carbohydrates is still used as an important marker for nutrition today. However, biologist Rob Dunn explains that there is no such thing as an average food or person. How many calories we extract from food depends on the biology of the species we are eating, how we cook and process our food, and even on the different bacterial communities in different people's guts. Standard calorie counts don't take any of these factors into consideration, resulting in numbers that are slightly inaccurate, at best, and sometimes rather misleading. Digestion turns out to be such a messy affair that we'll probably never have precise calorie counts for all the different foods we'd like to eat and prepare in so many different ways. However, learning about the biology of food and digestion can help us make better choices and understand our bodies better.

Singapore's national flower, Papilionanthe Miss Joaquim, has had its entire genetic blueprint decoded, revealing natural products with antioxidant properties and distinctive colors. The study, published in Communications Biology, could lead to future research in gene and metabolite engineering, as well as the discovery of bioactive compounds for healthcare purposes. The collaboration between A\*STAR's Genome Institute of Singapore and SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Biodiversity Medicine showcases the power of genetic sequencing technology in preserving and studying Singapore's plant biodiversity.

A new study shows that supertasters, who perceive flavors more intensely, consume more salt in their diet than nontasters. Chefs' taste buds may be prone to over-salting, but how much is too much? Explore the genetics of taste and its impact on health.

If you're curious about the natural world and how living organisms function, studying Life Sciences at university might just be the perfect fit for you. This interdisciplinary field covers a wide range of topics, from ecology and genetics to physiology and microbiology, and offers countless opportunities for meaningful and rewarding careers. At its core, Life Sciences is all about understanding the complex systems that make up the living world. This can mean everything from studying the intricate relationships between different species in an ecosystem, to analyzing the molecular mechanisms behind genetic diseases. It's a field that's both fascinating and incredibly important, as our understanding of life sciences is critical for solving some of the world's most pressing challenges, from climate change to global health pandemics. One of the most exciting aspects of Life Sciences is the incredible diversity of research and innovation happening in the field. From the development of cutting-edge gene therapies to the study of the microbiome, there's always something new and exciting to discover. At the same time, many of the world's greatest scientific minds have contributed to the field of Life Sciences, including names like Charles Darwin, Rosalind Franklin, and Jane Goodall, who have all made groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of the living world. At the undergraduate level, Life Sciences majors can expect to take a range of foundational courses in areas like biology, chemistry, and statistics. As they progress, they may have the opportunity to specialize in areas like genetics, neuroscience, or environmental science, and pursue research opportunities to deepen their understanding of the field. For those considering a career in Life Sciences, the potential job opportunities are vast and varied. Graduates may find themselves working in research labs, healthcare settings, or government agencies, depending on their interests and experience. Some potential employers in the field include well-known organizations like the World Health Organization, the National Institutes of Health, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as well as private companies like Pfizer and Roche. So what does it take to succeed in Life Sciences? Students who are curious, analytical, and detail-oriented will likely find themselves well-suited to the field. A strong foundation in math and science is also important, as is a willingness to collaborate and work in teams to solve complex problems.

Silphion, a golden-flowered plant once prized by the Greeks and Romans for its medicinal and culinary uses, disappeared from the ancient world. But a professor in Turkey may have rediscovered the last holdouts of the plant, which was once valued as highly as gold. Ferula drudeana, a plant with similar characteristics, may be the modern-day version of silphion, with potential for medical breakthroughs. Explore the fascinating story of a plant that was the first recorded extinction and the search for its rediscovery.

Are you interested in exploring the fascinating world of biotechnology research? Look no further! Biotechnology research is a field of study that combines biology, chemistry, and engineering to develop new products and technologies that improve human health, agriculture, and the environment. Biotechnology research has led to some of the most exciting innovations of our time, from the development of life-saving drugs to the creation of sustainable biofuels. For example, researchers have used biotechnology to create genetically modified crops that are more resistant to pests and disease, reducing the need for harmful pesticides. Biotechnology has also played a crucial role in the development of vaccines, such as the COVID-19 vaccine, which has helped to save countless lives. At the undergraduate level, students can expect to take courses in molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, and biostatistics. They will also have the opportunity to gain hands-on experience in the lab, conducting experiments and analyzing data. Students can choose to specialize in areas such as biomedical engineering, agricultural biotechnology, or environmental biotechnology, depending on their interests and career goals. A degree in biotechnology research can lead to a wide range of exciting careers, including biomedical researcher, genetic counselor, bioinformatics analyst, and biotech product manager. Graduates can work in a variety of industries, including pharmaceuticals, biotech startups, and government agencies. Notable employers include companies like Pfizer, Novartis, and Biogen. To succeed in this field, students should have a strong foundation in biology and chemistry, as well as excellent analytical and problem-solving skills. They should also be curious, creative, and passionate about using science to make a positive impact on the world. Ready to explore the world of biotechnology research? Start your journey today and be a part of the next generation of innovators in this exciting field!

Mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell and for good reason. These tiny organelles are responsible for producing the energy that our cells need to function. In this write-up, we'll explore the magic of mitochondria and why they are so important to our health and well-being. Did you know that mitochondria are sometimes referred to as the "second genome"? This is because they have their own DNA and can replicate independently of the cell's nucleus. This discovery, made by Dr. Douglas C. Wallace in the late 1970s, revolutionized our understanding of cellular biology. Another interesting fact about mitochondria is that they are thought to have originated from a symbiotic relationship between early cells and primitive bacteria. Over time, the two organisms evolved together to form the cells that make up our bodies today. This theory, known as the endosymbiotic theory, was first proposed by Dr. Lynn Margulis in the 1960s. So, what exactly do mitochondria do? Well, they are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through a process called cellular respiration. This energy is then used by our cells to carry out all of their functions, from moving and growing, to repairing and reproducing. It's important to note that our cells can't survive without energy, and without mitochondria, we wouldn't be able to produce enough energy to support our bodies. This is why mitochondria are so critical to our health and well-being. By learning more about the magic of mitochondria, you'll gain a deeper understanding of cellular biology and the role that these tiny organelles play in our lives. So, get reading, reflecting, and exploring!

Have you ever wondered why a black eye turns blue, then green, then yellow, and finally brown before disappearing? It's all because of your hemoglobin, the compound in red blood cells that brings oxygen to your body. When you get hit, the blow crushes tiny blood vessels called capillaries, and red blood cells ooze out of the broken capillaries into the surrounding tissue. From the outside of your skin, this mass of cells looks bluish-black, which is where we get the term, "black and blue". Learning about hemoglobin and how it works in your body can be fascinating and practical knowledge that can help you understand how your body works. It's an example of how exploring academic topics through reading, reflection, and writing can inspire you to learn more about the world around you.

Milk has been a part of the human diet for thousands of years. It is rich in fat, vitamins, minerals and lactose, which is a milk-sugar that helps us grow and protects us from infections. The ability to digest lactose is an adaptation that has spread unevenly across the globe due to natural selection. Despite its nutritional benefits, milk has become a controversial topic due to claims of negative health effects such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and allergies. However, research suggests that drinking 100-250 milliliters of milk per day does not increase the risk of cancer, heart disease, stroke or total mortality. Harmful amounts of pesticides, antibiotics or hormones are not a concern due to regulations. Milk allergies and lactose intolerance are the best-known negative effects of milk. Understanding the nutritional benefits and potential risks of milk can help students make informed decisions about their diet.

Learning about the chemistry of onions may not seem like the most exciting academic topic, but it can help you understand how things work in the world around you. When you chop an onion, you're changing its chemistry and releasing a gas that causes your eyes to water. You can slow down the onion's enzymes by storing it in the fridge or boiling it briefly, or you can wear goggles or sunglasses while cutting it. Scientists are even working on creating tear-free onions through genetic modification and traditional plant breeding. Learning about the chemistry of onions can help you appreciate the complexities of the natural world and give you practical skills for your everyday life.

Are you curious about the tiny viruses that inhabit your body? MIT Technology Review's biotech newsletter, The Checkup, explores the world of bacteriophages, or "phages" for short. These microscopic viruses have the potential to treat bacterial infections, but they've been largely abandoned in favor of antibiotics. With antimicrobial resistance on the rise, interest in phage therapy is making a comeback. Learn about the diversity and specificity of phages, and how they could be engineered to target specific bacteria. Discover the potential of phage therapy and the challenges that need to be overcome in this fascinating article.

Did you know that some viruses are actually good for you? Bacteriophages, or phages for short, are natural enemies of bacteria that can protect our health by killing germs that make us sick. Unlike antibiotics, phages are highly specific and won't harm the good microbes in our bodies. With the rise of antibiotic-resistant infections, pharmaceutical companies are giving phages a second look. In fact, a recent clinical trial showed that they work against antibiotic-resistant ear infections. Researchers are also using them to treat infected wounds in veterans and diabetics and to stop the spread of antibiotic-resistant infections. So, if you're interested in learning more about how these tiny viruses can help us fight disease, read on!

Life Sciences is a fascinating field that encompasses a wide range of scientific disciplines, including biology, genetics, ecology, and more. If you're interested in studying the natural world and discovering new ways to improve human health and well-being, then a career in Life Sciences might be perfect for you! As a Life Scientist, you'll have the opportunity to explore the mysteries of the natural world, from the smallest organisms to the largest ecosystems. You'll work with cutting-edge technology and tools to conduct research, analyze data, and develop new theories and ideas. Whether you're studying the genetics of disease, the ecology of a particular ecosystem, or the behavior of animals in the wild, you'll be at the forefront of scientific discovery and innovation. Some of the most exciting and meaningful aspects of a career in Life Sciences include the potential to make a real difference in people's lives. For example, you might work on developing new treatments for diseases like cancer, Alzheimer's, or HIV/AIDS, or you might focus on finding ways to protect endangered species and preserve biodiversity. You might also have the opportunity to work with communities around the world to promote sustainable agriculture, improve public health, or address other pressing global challenges. In terms of typical duties, Life Scientists might work in a variety of settings, from academic research labs to government agencies to private companies. Some Life Scientists specialize in particular areas, such as genetics, ecology, or microbiology, while others work across multiple disciplines. Some common tasks might include conducting experiments and collecting data, analyzing results, writing reports and papers, and presenting findings at conferences and other events. To pursue a career in Life Sciences, you'll typically need a strong background in science and math, as well as a Bachelor's degree in a relevant field such as biology, biochemistry, or environmental science. Some popular undergraduate programs and majors include Biology, Environmental Science, and Biomedical Engineering. Helpful personal attributes for a career in Life Sciences might include a strong curiosity and passion for learning, excellent analytical and problem-solving skills, and the ability to work well both independently and as part of a team. You should also be comfortable working with technology and be able to communicate your findings clearly and effectively to others. Job prospects in Life Sciences are generally strong, with many opportunities for growth and advancement in a variety of fields. Some notable potential employers in the public sector include the National Institutes of Health, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In the private sector, companies such as Pfizer, Merck, and Novartis are major players in the pharmaceutical and biotech industries. And of course, there are countless academic institutions and research organizations around the world that offer exciting opportunities for Life Scientists to pursue their passions and make a real impact on the world around them.

Have you ever wondered why some animals can regrow amputated limbs while humans can't? From sea stars to salamanders, some animals have the ability to form new tissue, nerves, and blood vessels to create a fully functional limb. Unfortunately, our bodies respond to a wound or cut by quickly patching it up with scar tissue, preventing blood loss and bacterial infection. However, scientists believe that the instructions for regeneration are latent in our genes, waiting to be turned on. Learning about the regenerative abilities of animals can inspire us to explore the potential of our own bodies and genes. By understanding the science behind limb regeneration, we can gain a deeper appreciation for the complexity and potential of the human body.

The world of science is constantly evolving, and with it comes new discoveries that can benefit humanity. However, there are also risks associated with scientific research, particularly in the field of biotechnology. Gain of function work involves manipulating the DNA of microorganisms to give them new abilities, which can be used in vaccine production and cancer treatments. However, this work also includes engineering superbugs that could cause a global pandemic if they escape from the lab. While virologists argue that this research could help us prepare for future pandemics, critics believe that the risks outweigh the benefits. To minimize the risk of lab leaks, experts suggest creating international databases of leaks, near-misses, and fixes, as well as developing a robust pandemic early warning system. As students, it is important to understand the benefits and risks of scientific research and to be aware of the measures being taken to minimize the risks associated with it.

What if you could grow your own fruit at home, filling the same space as a Nespresso machine, but with fresh berry cells that are impossible to cultivate using traditional means? That’s the question that Lauri Reuter and his colleagues at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland are exploring with their innovative project: a "home bioreactor" that produces plant cell cultures that can be eaten in a delicious form. With the potential to grow highly nutritious plants that are currently impossible to cultivate for food, this project could expand the human diet and help promote good conservation practices.

Have you ever wondered what it would be like to hibernate like a bear? Well, what if we told you that human hibernation could be the key to long-distance space travel? In this fascinating article from BBC, explore the possibility of astronauts hibernating on their way to Mars, and the benefits it could have on their physical and mental health, as well as the overall mission. Discover how animals like bears and squirrels have already shown resistance to the harmful effects of space travel through hibernation, and how scientists are exploring ways to induce a torpor-like state in humans. Don't miss out on this intriguing read!

Fungi are more than just pizza toppings or irritants like athlete's foot. They are a distinct life-form that plays a vital role in the health of our planet. Fungi can absorb oil spills, control insects' brains, and produce life-saving medicines like penicillin. They are also eco-warriors, essential to healthy soil and trapping CO2, potentially solving global warming on their own. Fungi are neither plant nor animal, but are genetically closer to animals than plants. They form dense fungal networks called mycelium, which plants use to communicate with each other. Fungi can also employ other organisms, like leaf-cutter ants, to do their work for them. Fungi are fascinating and adaptable, and there is still much we have yet to learn about them. By exploring the world of fungi, you can become a real fun-guy at parties and gain a deeper understanding of the world around you.